Evaluation of functional capacity, body composicion and pulmonary function after bariatric surgery

Abstract

Introduction: Obesity has been considered a global epidemic and a serious public health problem closely related to other diseases. Moreover, obese individuals have limitations in physical capacity and pulmonary function. Weight loss induced by bariatric surgery appears to help reverse this situation. However, questions about physical capacity and lung function, and its relationship with body composition remain to be clarified. Objective: To evaluate the physical capacity, body composition and lung function in women undergoing bariatric surgery. Methods: Twenty five women who underwent bariatric surgery between 6 and 24 months ago, and 10 non-obese women were evaluated for exercise capacity by the six minutes walk test (6 MWT), body composition by bio-electrical impedance analysis and lung function by spirometry and measurement of maximal static respiratory pressures. Results: Subjects with BMI <30 kg/m2 were found to have better physical performance, demonstrated by increased 6 MWT distance, not differing from non-obese women. When compared with non-obese women, there were no significant differences in body composition and lung function. Higher BMI was correlated with shorter distances in 6 MWT. Conclusion: 6 to 24 months after surgery, when the weight loss of patients who underwent bariatric surgery reaches levels considered non-obese, it provides improvement in physical performance to a level similar to that of non-obese patients.

Share and Cite:

Leite, F. , Barbalho-Moulim, M. , Damaceno Soares, K. , Dultra Dias, F. , Peixoto-Souza, F. and Costa, D. (2013) Evaluation of functional capacity, body composicion and pulmonary function after bariatric surgery. Health, 5, 47-53. doi: 10.4236/health.2013.58A3007.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1] World Health Organization (WHO). (2011) Obesity and Overweight. WHO Fact Sheet No311, March 2011. www.who.int
[2] World Health Organization (WHO). (2000) Obesity: Preventing and managing the global epidemic. Report of a WHO Consultation, World Health Organization technical report series, 894, 1-253.
[3] National Task Force on Prevention and Treatment of Obesity. (2000) Overweight, obesity and health risk. Archives of Internal Medicine, 160, 898-904. doi:10.1001/archinte.160.7.898
[4] Zammit, C., Liddicoat, H., Moonsie, I. and Makker, H. (2010) Obesity and respiratory diseases. International Journal of General Medicine, 3, 335-343. doi:10.1186/1465-9921-9-31
[5] Thyagarajan, B., Jacobs, Jr. D.R., Apostol, G.G., Smith, L.J., Jensen, R.L., Crapo, R.O., Barr, R.G., Lewis, C.E. and Williams, O.D. (2008) Longitudinal association of body mass index with lung function: The CARDIA Study. Respiratory Research, 9, 31.
[6] Costa, D., Barbalho, M.C., Miguel, G.P.S., Forti, E.M.P. and Azevedo, J.L.M.C. (2008) The impact of obesity on pulmonary function in adult women. Clinics, 63, 719-724. doi:10.1590/S1807-59322008000600002
[7] Salvadori, A., Fanari, P., Fontana, M., et al. (1999) Oxygen uptake and cardiac performance in obese and normal subjects during exercise. Respiration, 66, 25-33. doi:10.1159/000029333
[8] Gallagher, M.J., Franklin, B.A., deJong, A., et al. (2004) Cardiorespiratory fitness levels in obesity approximate those of heart failure patients: Implications for exercise prescription. Circulation, 110, 822A.
[9] McCullough, P.A., Gallagher, M.J., deJong, A.T., Sandberg, K.R., Trivax, J.E., Alexander, D., Kasturi, G., Jafri, S.M.A., Krause, K.R., Chengelis, D.L., Moy, J. and Franklin, B.A. (2006) Cardiorespiratory fitness and shortterm complications after bariatric surgery. Chest, 130, 517-525. doi:10.1378/chest.130.2.517
[10] Vanhecke, T.E., Franklin, B.A., Miller, W.M., et al. (2009) Cardiorespiratory fitness and sedentary lifestyle in the morbidly obese. Clinical Cardiology, 32, 121-124. doi:10.1002/clc.20458
[11] Cortright, R.N., Sandhoff, K.M., Basilio, J.L., et al. (2006) Skeletal muscle fat oxidation is increased in AfricanAmerican and white women after 10 days of endurance exercise training. Obesity, 14, 1201-1210. doi:10.1038/oby.2006.137
[12] Privette, J.D., Hickner, R.C., Macdonald, K.G., et al. (2003) Fatty acid oxidation by skeletal muscle homogenates from morbidly obese black and white American women. Metabolism, 52, 735-738. doi:10.1016/S0026-0495(03)00034-9
[13] De Souza, S.A., Faintuch, J., Fabris, S.M. et al. (2009) Six-minute walk test: Functional capacity of severely obese before and after bariatric surgery. Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases, 5, 540-543. doi:10.1016/j.soard.2009.05.003
[14] Zarvosky, G.S., kim, D.J., Sylvestre, J.L. and Christou, N.V. (2008) Alveolar membrane diffusing capacity improves in the morbidly obese after bariatric surgery. Obesity Surgery, 18, 256-263. doi:10.1007/s11695-007-9294-9
[15] Davila-Cervantes, A., Dominguez-Cherit, G., Borunda, D., Gamino, R., Vargas-Vorackova, F., González-Barranco, J. and Herrera, M.F. (2004) Impact of surgically-induced weight loss on respiratory function: A prospective analysis. Obesity Surgery, 14, 1389-1392. doi:10.1381/0960892042583996
[16] Braulio, V.B., Furtado, V.C.S., Silveira, M.G., Fonseca, M.H. and Oliveira, J.E. (2010) Comparison of body composition methods in overweight and obese Brazilian women. Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia, 54, 398-405. doi:10.1590/S0004-27302010000400009
[17] Pateyjohns, I.R., Brinkworth, G.D., Buckley, J.D., Noakes, M. and Clifton, P.M. (2006) Comparison of three bioelectrical impedance methods with DXA in overweight and obese men. Obesity, 14, 2064-2070. doi:10.1038/oby.2006.241
[18] Miller, M.R., Hankinson, J., Brusasco, V., Burgos, F., Casaburi, R., Coates, A., et al. (2005) Series ATS/ERS task torce: Standardisation of lung function testing. Standardisation of spirometry. European Respiratory Journal, 26, 319-338. doi:10.1183/09031936.05.00034805
[19] Costa, D., Goncalves, H.A., De Lima, L.P., Ike, D., Cancelliero, K.M. and Montebelo, M.I. (2010) New reference values for maximal respiratory pressures in the Brazilian Population. Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia, 36, 306-312. doi:10.1590/S1806-37132010000300007
[20] Enright, P.L. and Sherrill, D.L. (1998) Reference equation for the six-minute walk in healthy adults. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 158, 1384-1387. doi:10.1164/ajrccm.158.5.9710086
[21] Ross, R.M., Murthy, J.N., Wollak, I.D. and Jackson, A.S. (2010) The sixtminute walk test accurately estimates mean peak oxygen uptake. BMC Pulmonary Medicine, 10, 31. doi:10.1186/1471-2466-10-31
[22] Knudson, R.J., Lebowitz, M.D., Holberg, C.J. and Burrows, B. (1983) Changes in the normal maximal expiratory flow-volume curve with growth and aging. American Review of Respiratory Disease, 127, 725-734.
[23] Valezi, A.C., Mali Junior, J., De Menezes, M.A., De Brito, E.M. and De Souza, S.A. (2010) Weight loss outcome after silastic ring Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: 8 years of follow-up. Obesity Surgery, 20, 1491-1495. doi:10.1007/s11695-010-0264-2
[24] Xavier, M.A.F., Ceneviva, R., Terra Filho, J. and Sankarankutty, A.K. (2010) Pulmonary function and quality of life in patients with morbid obesity six months after bariatric surgery. Acta Cirúrgica Brasileira, 25, 407-415. doi:10.1590/S0102-86502010000500005
[25] Serés, L., Lopez-Ayerbe, J., Coll, R., Rodriguez, O., Vila, J., Formiguera, X., Alastrue, A., Rull, M. and Valle, V. (2006) Increased exercise capacity after surgically induced weight loss in morbid obesity. Obesity, 14, 273-279. doi:10.1038/oby.2006.35
[26] Maniscalco, M., Zedda, A., Giardiello, C., et al. (2006) Effect of bariatric surgery on the six-minute walk test in severe uncomplicated obesity. Obesity Surgery, 16, 836-841. doi:10.1381/096089206777822331
[27] Stegen, S., Derave, W., Calders, P., Van Laethem, C. and Pattyn, P. (2011) Physical fitness in morbidly obese patients: effect of gastric bypass surgery and exercise training. Obesity Surgery, 21, 61-70. doi:10.1007/s11695-009-0045-y
[28] De Aquino, L.A., Pereira, S.E., Silva, J.S., Sobrinho, C.J.S. and Ramalho, A. (2012) Bariatric surgery: Impact on body composition after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Obesity Surgery, 22, 195-200. doi:10.1007/s11695-011-0500-4
[29] Domingos-Benício, N.C., Gastaldi, A.C., Perecin, J.C., Avena, K.M., Guimaraes, R.C., Sologuren, M.J.J. et al. (2004) Medidas espirométricas em pessoas eutróficas e obesas nas posicoes ortostática, sentada e deitada. Revista da Associacao Médica Brasileira, 50, 142-147. doi:10.1590/S0104-42302004000200028
[30] Wadstrom, C., Muller-Suur, R. and Backman, L. (1991) Influence of excessive weight loss on respiratory function. A study of obese patients following gastroplasty. European Journal of Surgery, 157, 341-346.

Copyright © 2024 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc.

Creative Commons License

This work and the related PDF file are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.