The Role of Microstructure of Highly Purified Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate for Osteoinduction in Canine Dorsal Muscles

Takashi Ariizumi, Akira Ogose, Naoki Kondo, Hiroyuki Kawashima, Tetsuo Hotta, Naoko Kudo, Makiko Hoshino, Hikaru Inoue, Hiroyuki Irie, Naoto Endo

Development Department, Olympus Terumo Biomaterial Corp., Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Niigata Prefectural Central Hospital, Niigata, Japan.
Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
Osteopharma Inc., Osaka, Japan..

DOI: 10.4236/jbnb.2013.42023                

Abstract

Porous β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) displays osteoinductivity in certain animals in the absence of osteoinductive agents. We evaluated whether the microstructure may be an important determinant of osteoinduction, and also investigated how bone formation was promoted using β-TCP combined with bone marrow aspirates. We prepared two types of β-TCP, namely, β-TCP A, which possessed interconnected macropores and micropores, and β-TCP B, which possessed macropores but had less detectable micropores. These were implanted with or without marrow in canine muscles. Bone formation and the resorption of each β-TCP implant were evaluated histologically. Newly formed bone began to appear at day 42 in the implants of β-TCP A alone, but the implants of β-TCP B alone did not show any bone formation by day 42. Meanwhile, bone formation was already evident on day 14 by loading with bone marrow aspirates with or without micropores. By immunohistochemistry, the number of cathepsin K-positive cells (osteoclasts) increased as time passed in the implants of β-TCP A alone, while the number of the osteoclasts did not change obviously in the implants of β-TCP B alone from day 14 to 56. Reticular fibrils were evident within the β-TCP A, and were barely observed in the β-TCP B in the silver impregnation. The present result would bring about the possible role to enhance the importance of the surface microstructure for the better osteoinductivity. Our findings suggest that the combination of porous β-TCP and bone marrow facilitates bone formation.

Keywords

Osteoinduction; Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate; Micropore; Bioresorption; Osteoclast

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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