Influence of phosphocompost application on phosphorus availability and uptake by maize grown in red soil of Ishigaki Island, Japan

Farid Abdel Aziz Hellal, Fuji Nagumo, Raffat Metwally Zewainy

Department of Plant Nutrition, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.
Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, Soil and Water Management Group, Okinawa, Japan.

DOI: 10.4236/as.2013.42016                

Abstract

Phospho compost application is important with respect to soil fertility and plant nutrition. Therefore, the objective was to evaluate the influence of phospho compost application on P availability and uptake by maize in red soil. The phosphorus applied in the form of phospho compost, as compare to rock phosphate and super phosphate at a rate of 50 and 100 mg P₂O₅ Kg^-1 soil. The application was done as spot and mix application. Results indicate that, spot application of 100 mg P₂O₅ kg^-1 soil as phospho compost (b) registered significantly higher P uptake (2.1 and 5.31 mg·pot^-1) and available soil P (19.1 and 21.0 mg·kg^-1) as compare to Rock Phosphate alone (0.60 and 0.97 mg·pot^-1) and (5.6 and 6.0 mg·kg^-1) at 30 and 60 day after sowing, respectively. The probable chelating effect from phospho composting increased the phosphorus use efficiency and resulted into higher relative agronomic efficiency in phospho compost (b) spot application (40%) over mix application (15%). The dry matter yield had positive and significant correlation with available P in soil and P uptake by maize plants at 30 and 60 day after sowing. Results concluded that phospho compost enriched with FYM was most effective in increasing phosphorus availability in red soil and increasing dry matter yield of maize plants.

Keywords

Phosphocompost; Rock Phosphate; Available P; Maize; Red Soil

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1]	Ryan, I. (2002) Efficient use of phosphate fertilizers for sustainable crop production in WANA. Phosphate News letter, 2-5.
[2]	Latif, A., Alam, S.M., Zafar I. and Hamid, A. (1992) Ef fect of rate, time and method of application of P fertilizer on wheat crop. Proceedings of the 4th National Congress of Soil Science, Islamabad, 24-26 May 1992, 299-303.
[3]	Marschner, H. (1993) Mineral nutrition of higher plants. Academic Press, Waltham.
[4]	Chien, S.H. and Friesen, D.K. (1992) PR for direct appli cation. Future Directions for Agricultural Phosphorus Research, National Fertilizer and Environmental Re search Center, Muscle Shoals, 47-52.
[5]	Xiong, L.M., Zhou, Z.G. and Lu, R.K. (1996) Enhanced plant growth by uniform placement of superphosphate with rock phosphate in acidic soils. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 27, 2837-2850. doi:10.1080/00103629609369745
[6]	Pino, I. and Casas, L. (1990) Phosphoric rock appraisal in volcanic ash soils of Chile. Transactions of the14th In ternational Congress of Soil Science, 4, 122-125.
[7]	Van Straaten, P. (2002) Rocks for crops: Agro minerals of sub-Saharan Africa. ICRAF, Nairobi, 338.
[8]	Singh, C.P. and Amberger, A. (1991) Solubilization and availability of phosphorus during decomposition of phos phate rock enriched straw and urine. Biological Agricul ture and Horticulture, 7, 261-269. doi:10.1080/01448765.1991.9754553
[9]	Mahimairaja, S., Bolan, N.S. and Hedley, M.J. (1995) Dissolution of phosphate rock during the composting of poultry manure: An incubation experiment. Fertilizer Re search, 40, 93-104. doi:10.1007/BF00750093
[10]	Akande, M.O., Adediran J.A. and Oluwatoyinbo, F.I. (2005) Effects of rock phosphate amended with poultry manure on soil available p and yield of maize and cowpea. African Journal of Biotechnology, 4, 444-448.
[11]	Rania, M. (2011) Studies on solubilization and fertiliza tion by phosphate ores and behavior of their associated elements in some Egyptian soils. Ph.D. Thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo.
[12]	Hellal, F.A., Nagumo, F. and Zewainy, R.M. (2012) In fluence of phospho-composting on enhancing phosphorus solubility from inactive rock phosphate. Australian Jour nal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 6, 268-276.
[13]	Rebecca, B. (2004) Soil survey methods manual. Soil Survey Investigations Report No. 42, Natural Resources Conservation Services.
[14]	Motsara, M.R. and Roy, R.N. (2008) Guide to laboratory establishment for plant nutrient analysis. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome.
[15]	Gomez, K.A. and Gomez, A.A. (1984) Statistical proce dures for agriculture research. 2nd Edition, John Wiley and Sons Inc., New York.
[16]	Nyirongo, J.C.V.B., Mughogho S.K. and Kumwenda J.D.T. (1999) Soil fertility studies with compost and igneous phosphate rock amendments in Malawi. African Crop Sci ence Journal, 7, 415-422. doi:10.4314/acsj.v7i4.27735
[17]	Tossah, B.K. (2000) Influence of soil properties and or ganic inputs on P cycling in herbaceous legume-based cropping systems in west African derived savanna. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Kansas, Leuven.
[18]	Gilkes, R.J. and Bolland, M.D.A. (1990) The Australian experience with rock phosphate: Limitations and expla nations. Phosphate Sources for Acid Soils in the Humid Tropics of Asia. Proceedings of the Workshop, Kuala Lumpur, 6-7 December 1990, 177-205.
[19]	Amapu, I.Y., Chude, V.O., Iwuafor, E.N.P. and Babalola, O.A. (1999) Soil and fertilizer factors influencing the utilization of phosphate rock in the sub-humid Nigeria savanna. Proceedings of Book of Abstracts 25th Annual conference, Benin, 21-25 November 1999, 35.
[20]	Hellal, F.A., Abd El-Hady, M. and Ragab, A.A.M. (2009) Influence of organic amendments on nutrient availability and uptake by faba bean plants fertilized by rock phos phate and feldspar. American-Eurasian Journal of Agri culture and Environmental Sciences, 6, 271-279.
[21]	The Institute of Organic Training and Advice (2010) Com posting with rock phosphate: Increasing plant-available P. Institute of Organic Training & Advice, Shropshire. www.organicadvice.org.uk