The Diagnosis and Treatments of Inguinal Hernia after Radical Prostatectomy

Abstract

Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related death in the world among old men. Radical prostatectomy (RP) is the most common surgical procedure in treatments. However, the complications after RRP always confuse surgeons. Urinary incontinence, impotence, erectile dysfunction frequently have effects on the quality of life after RP on patients occurred PC. Inguinal hernias (IHs) after RP is the most common complication, especially indirect hernias. Thus, patients occurred post-IH are frequently performed secondary surgery. In recent years, urologists have explored different surgical techniques, managements, and preoperationly detections to prevent the development of IH postoperationly. However, the precise mechanism of this procedure occurred is unclear till now. Some retrospective studies have been performed to explore the occurence of IH post-RRP and prophylactic techniques to prevent or decrease IH occurred after RRP. Disappointingly, there is no one efficient and precise method influenced this procedure occurred. We reviewed recent studies about IH after RP through different approaches to evaluate the development of this procedure.

Share and Cite:

Li, T. and Wang, Z. (2013) The Diagnosis and Treatments of Inguinal Hernia after Radical Prostatectomy. Surgical Science, 4, 83-88. doi: 10.4236/ss.2013.41015.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1] G. L. Lu-Yao, D. McLerran, J. Wasson and J. E. Wennberg, “An Assessment of Radical Prostatectomy. Time Trends, Geographic Variation, and Outcomes. The Prostatic Outcomes Research Team,” Journal of the American Medical Association, Vol. 269, 1993, pp. 2676-2677. doi:10.1001/jama.1993. 03500200047031
[2] A. V. Sarma and D. Schottenfeld, “Prostate Cancer Incidence, Mortality, and Survival Trends in the United States: 1981-2001,” Seminars in Urologic Oncology, Vol. 20, No. 1, 2002, pp. 3-9. doi:10.1053/suro.2002.30390
[3] J. Hugosson, J. Stranne and S. V. Carlsson, “Radical Retropubic Prostatectomy: A Review of Outcomes and Side-Effects,” Acta Oncologica, Vol. 50, No. S1, 2011, pp. 92-97. doi:10.3109/0284186X.2010.535848
[4] E. Xylinas, A. Daché and M. Rouprêt, “Is Radical Prostatectomy a Viable Therapeutic Option in Clinically Locally Advanced (cT3) Prostate Cancer?” BJU International, Vol. 106, No. 11, 2010, pp. 1596-600. doi:10.1111/j.1464-410X.2010.09630.x
[5] P. C. Walsh, “Anatomic Radical Prostatectomy: Evolution of the Surgical Technique,” Journal of Urology, Vol. 160, No. 6, 1998, pp. 2418-2424. doi:10.1016/S0022-5347(01)62202-X
[6] M. Wirth, “Radical Prostatectomy—The Gold Standard in the Treatment of Localised and Locally Advanced Prostate Cancer,” European Journal of Cancer, Vol. 47, Suppl. 1, 2011, p. S49.
[7] M. Han, A. W. Partin, C. R. Pound, et al., “Long-Term Biochemical Disease-Free and Cancer-Specific Survival Following Anatomic Radical Retropubic Prostatectomy: The 15-Year Johns Hopkins Experience,” Urologic Clinics of North America, Vol. 28, No. 3, 2001, pp. 555-565. doi:10.1016/S0094-0143(05)70163-4
[8] L. Chun and M. A. Abbas, “Rectourethral Fistula Following Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy,” Techniques in Coloproctology, Vol. 15, No. 3, 2011, pp. 297-300. doi:10.1007/s10151-011-0710-8
[9] J. Maarouf, J. Ghorbel, Z. Gammoudi, et al., “Anastomotic Stricture after Radical Prostatectomy (about 7 Cases),” Urology, Vol. 76, No. 3, 2010, p. S103.
[10] L. Glickman, G. Godoy and H. Lepor, “Changes in Continence and Erectile Function between 2 and 4 Years after Radical Prostatectomy,” Journal of Urology, Vol. 181, No. 2, 2009, pp. 731-735. doi:10.1016/j.juro.2008.10.019
[11] T. C. Regan, R. M. Mordkin, N. L. Constantinople, et al., “Incidence of Inguinal Hernias Following Radical Retropubic Prostatectomy,” Urology, Vol. 47, No. 4, 1996, pp. 536-537. doi:10.1016/S0090-4295(99)80491-9
[12] T. Koie, T. Yoneyama, N. Kamimura, et al., “Frequency of Postoperative Inguinal Hernia after Endoscope-Assisted Mini-Laparotomy and Conventional Retropubic Radical Prostatectomies,” International Journal of Urology, Vol. 15, No. 3, 2008, pp. 226-229. doi:10.1111/j.1442-2042.2007.01983.x
[13] N. Sekita, H. Suzuki, S. Kamijima, K. Chin, M. Fujimura, K. Mikami, et al., “Incidence of Inguinal Hernia after Prostate Surgery: Open Radical Retropubic Prostatectomy versus Open Simple Prostatectomy versus Transurethral Resection of the Prostate,” International Journal of Urology, Vol. 16, No. 1, 2009, pp. 110-113. doi:10.1111/j.1442-2042.2008.02190.x
[14] P. J. Tsai, C. C. Yu, Y. H. Lee and J. K. Huang, “Inguinal Hernia after Radical Retropubic Prostatectomy—Experience of Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital,” Journal of the Chinese Medical Association, Vol. 67, No. 3, 2004, pp. 141-144.
[15] T. Nomura, H. Mimata, H. Kitamura, et al., “Lower Incidence of Inguinal Hernia: Minilaparotomy Radical Retropubic Prostatectomy Compared with Conventional Technique. A Preliminary Report,” Urologia Internationalis, Vol. 74, No. 1, 2005, pp. 32-37. doi:10.1159/000082706
[16] J. Stranne, J. Hugosson, P. Iversen, et al., “Inguinal Hernia in Stage M0 Prostate Cancer: A Comparison of Incidence in Men Treated with and without Radical Retropubic Prostatectomy—An Analysis of 1105 Patients,” Urology, Vol. 65, No. 5, 2005, pp. 847-851. doi:10.1016/j.urology.2004.11.014
[17] M. Sun, G. Lughezzani, A. Alasker, et al., “Comparative Study of Inguinal Hernia Repair after Radical Prostatectomy, Prostate Biopsy, Transurethral Resection of the Prostate or Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection,” Journal of Urology, Vol. 183, No. 3, 2010, pp. 970-975. doi:10.1016/j.juro.2009.11.036
[18] I. M. Rutkow, “Epidemiologic, Economic, and Sociologic Aspects of Hernia Surgery in the United States in the 1990s,” Surgical Clinics of North America, Vol. 78, No. 6, 1998, pp. 941-951. doi:10.1016/S0039-6109(05)70363-7
[19] A. Matsubara, T. Yoneda, T. Nakamoto, et al., “Inguinal Hernia after Radical Perineal Prostatectomy: Comparison with the Retropubic Approach,” Urology, Vol. 70, No. 6, 2007, pp. 1152-1156.
[20] J.-L. Dulucq, P. Wintringer and A. Mahajna, “Occult Hernias Detected by Laparoscopic Totally Extra-Peritoneal Inguinal Hernia Repair: A Prospective Study,” Hernia, Vol. 15, No. 4, 2011, pp. 399-402. doi:10.1007/s10029-011-0795-z
[21] A. Takashige, N. Shinohara, T. Harabayashi, et al., “Postoperative Inguinal Hernia after Radical Prostatectomy for Prostate Cancer,” Urology, Vol. 69, No. 2, 2007, pp. 326-329.
[22] S. Yoshimine, A. Miyajima, K. Nakagawa, et al., “Extraperitoneal Approach Induces Postoperative Inguinal Hernia Compared with Transperitoneal Approach after Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy,” Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology, Vol. 40, No. 4, 2010, pp. 349-352. doi:10.1093/jjco/hyp172
[23] K. Ichioka, K. Yoshimura, N. Utsunomiya, et al., “High Incidence of Inguinal Hernia after Radical Retropubic Prostatectomy,” Urology, Vol. 63, No. 2, 2003, pp. 278-281.
[24] E. Fischer and G. E. Wantz, “Radical Retropubic Prostatectomy and Groin Hernia: Cause and Effect?” Hernia, Vol. 1, No. 2, 1997, pp. 67-70. doi:10.1007/BF02427663
[25] M. Do, E. N. Liatsikos, P. Kallidonis, et al., “Hernia Repair during Endoscopic Extraperitoneal Radical Prostatectomy: Outcome after 93 Cases,” Journal of Endourology, Vol. 25, No. 4, 2011, pp. 625-629.
[26] J. C.-H. Wu, Y.-C. Ou, H.-S. Wu, et al., “Inguinal Hernias in Robotic-Assisted Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy: A Surgeon’s Experience,” Formosan Journal of Surgery, Vol. 44, No. 4, 2011, pp. 141-145. doi:10.1016/j.fjs.2011.08.008
[27] J. Stranne, E. Johansson, A. Nilsson, et al., “Inguinal Hernia after Radical Prostatectomy for Prostate Cancer: Results from a Randomized Setting and a Nonrandomized Setting,” European Urology, Vol. 58, No. 5, 2010, pp. 719-726. doi:10.1016/j.eururo.2010.08.006
[28] A. Mottrie, G. De Naeyer, G. Novara and V. Ficarra, “Robotic Radical Prostatectomy: A Critical Analysis of the Impact on Cancer Control,” Current Opinion in Urology, Vol. 21, No. 3, 2011, pp. 179-184. doi:10.1097/MOU.0b013e328344e53e
[29] J. Stranne, J. Hugosson and P. Lodding, “Inguinal Hernia Is a Common Complication in Lower Midline Incision Surgery,” Heinia, Vol. 11, No. 3, 2007, pp. 247-252.
[30] P. Lodding, C. Bergdahl, M. Nyberg, et al., “Inguinal Hernia after Radical Retropubic Prostatectomy for Prostate Cancer: A Study of Incidence and Risk Factors in Comparison to No Operation and Lymphadenectomy,” Journal of Urology, Vol. 166, No. 3, 2001, pp. 964-967. doi:10.1016/S0022-5347(05)65874-0
[31] J. Stranne, J. Hugosson and P. Lodding, “Post-Radical Retropubic Prostatectomy Inguinal Hernia: An Analysis of Risk Factors with Special Reference to Preoperative Inguinal Hernia Morbidity and Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection,” Journal of Urology, Vol. 176, No. 5, 2006, pp. 2072-2076. doi:10.1016/j.juro.2006.07.007
[32] S. M. H. Alibhai, M. Leach, G. Tomlinson, et al., “30-Day Mortality and Major Complications after Radical Prostatectomy: Influence of Age and Comorbidity,” Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Vol. 97, No. 20, 2005, pp. 1525-1532. doi:10.1093/jnci/dji313
[33] B. Lppenberg, J. Noldus, A. Holz, et al., “Reporting Complications after Open Radical Retropubic Prostatectomy Using the Martin Criteria,” Journal of Urology, Vol. 184, No. 3, 2010, pp. 944-948. doi:10.1016/j.juro.2010.05.032
[34] F. Giuseppe, R. Oreste, R. Michele, et al., “Correlation between Detrusor Hypocontractility and Bladder Neck Obstruction after Radical Prostatectomy,” Neurourology and Urodynamics, Vol. 29, Suppl. 2, 2010, p. 58.
[35] C. M. Twu, Y. C. Ou, C. R. Yang, et al., “Predicting Risk Factors for Inguinal Hernia after Radical Retropubic Prostatectomy,” Urology, Vol. 66, No. 4, 2005, pp. 814-818. doi:10.1016/j.urology.2005.04.034
[36] F. Rabbani, L. H. Yunis, K. Touijer, et al., “Predictors of Inguinal Hernia after Radical Prostatectomy,” Urology, Vol. 77, No. 2, 2011, pp. 391-395. doi:10.1016/j.urology.2010.04.019
[37] M. E. Nielsen and P. C. Walsh, “Systematic Detection and Repair of Subclinical Inguinal Hernias at Radical Reteropubic Prostatectomy,” Urology, Vol. 66, No. 5, 2005, pp. 1034-1037.
[38] H. Lepr and L. Kaci, “Contemporary Evaluation of Operative Parameters and Complications Related to Open Radical Retropubic Prostatectomy,” Urology, Vol. 62, No. 4, 2003, pp. 702-706. doi:10.1016/S0090-4295(03)00515-6
[39] V. Klevecka, L. Burmester, M. Musch, et al., “Intraoperative and Early Postoperative Complications of Radical retropubic Prostatectomy,” Urologia Internationalis, Vol. 79, No. 3, 2007, pp. 217-225. doi:10.1159/000107953
[40] K. Ichioka, N. Kohei, K. Yoshimura, Y. Arai and A. Terai, “Impact of Retraction of Vas Deferens in Postradical Prostatectomy Inguinal Hernia,” Urology, Vol. 70, No. 3, 2007, pp. 511-514. doi:10.1016/j.urology.2007.04.025
[41] F. Fukuta, S.-I. Hisasue, M. Yanase, et al., “Preoperative Computed Tomography Finding Predicts for Postoperative Inguinal Hernia: New Perspective for Radical Prostatectomy-Related Inguinal Hernia,” Urology, Vol. 68, No. 2, 2006, pp. 267-271.
[42] G. E. Wantz, “Giant Prosthetic Reinforcement of the Visceral Sac: The Stoppa Groin Hernia Repair,” Surgical Clinics of North America, Vol. 78, No. 6, 1998, pp. 1075-1087. doi:10.1016/S0039-6109(05)70370-4
[43] K. Taguchi, T. Yasui, H. Kubota, et al., “Simple Method of Preventing Postoperative Inguinal Hernia after Radical Retropubic Prostatectomy,” Urology, Vol. 76, No. 5, 2010, pp. 1083-1087. doi:10.1016/j.urology.2010.05.002
[44] G. Lughezzani, M. Sun, P. Perrotte, et al., “Comparative Study of Inguinal Hernia Repair Rates after Radical Prostatectomy or External Beam Radiotherapy,” International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics, Vol. 78, No. 5, 2010, pp. 1307-1313. doi:10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.09.065
[45] M. E. Nielsen and P. C. Walsh, “Systematic Detection and Repair of Subclinical Inguinal Hernias at Radical Retropubic Prostatectomy,” Urology, Vol. 66, No. 5, 2005, pp. 1034-1037. doi:10.1016/j.urology.2005.05.028
[46] B. M. Lin, M. E. Hyndman, et al., “Incidence and Risk Factors for Inguinal and Incisional Hernia after Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy,” Urology, Vol. 77, No. 4, 2011, pp. 957-962. doi:10.1016/j.urology.2010.12.011
[47] Y. Sakai, T. Okuno, T. Kijima, et al., “Simple Prophylactic Procedure of Inguinal Hernia after Radical Retropubic Prostatectomy: Isolation of the Spermatic Cord,” International Journal of Urology, Vol. 16, No. 10, 2009, pp. 848-851. doi:10.1111/j.1442-2042.2009.02370.x
[48] Y. Fujii, S. Yamamoto, J. Yonese, et al., “A Novel Technique to Prevent Postradical Retropubic Prostatectomy Inguinal Hernia: The Processus Vaginalis Transection Method,” Urology, Vol. 75, No. 3, 2010, pp. 713-717. doi:10.1016/j.urology.2009.05.051
[49] D. Teber, T. Erdogru, D. Zukosky, et al., “Prosthetic Mesh Hernioplasty during Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy,” Urology, Vol. 65, No. 6, 2005, pp. 1173-1178. doi:10.1016/j.urology.2004.12.063
[50] D. T. Saint-Elie and F. F. Marshall, “Impact of Laparoscopic Inguinal Hernia Repair Mesh on Open Radical Retropubic Prostatectomy,” Urology, Vol. 76, No. 5, 2010, pp. 1078-1082. doi:10.1016/j.urology.2010.01.015
[51] J.-L. Dulucq, P. Wintringer and A. Mahajna, “Totally Extraperitoneal (TEP) Hernia Repair after Radical Prostatectomy or Previous Lower Abdominal Surgery,” Surgical Endoscopy and Other Interventional Techniques, Vol. 20, No. 3, 2006, pp. 473-476. doi:10.1007/s00464-006-3027-3
[52] H. Lepor and D. Bobbins, “Inguinal Hernias in Men Undergoing Open Radical Retropubic Prostatectomy,” Urology, Vol. 70, No. 5, 2007, pp. 961-964.

Copyright © 2024 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc.

Creative Commons License

This work and the related PDF file are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.