Pretreatment with antioxidants prevent bone injury by improving bone marrow microenvironment for stem cells

Lingling Xian, Michael Lou, Xiangwei Wu, Bing Yu, Frank Frassica, Mei Wan, Lijuan Pang, Chunyi Wen, Erik Tryggestad, John Wong, Xu Cao

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
Department of Orthopaedics, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Radiation Oncology Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.

DOI: 10.4236/scd.2012.23015                

Abstract

Irradiation induces bone injury by generating free radicals that adversely affect the microenvironment for Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and damages bone marrow blood vessels. We wished to investigate the efficacy of antioxidant administration in protecting stem cell microenvironments and promoting bone marrow vasculature recovery after radiation treatment. The antioxidant ascorbic acid was administered 3 times at a dosage: 150 mg/kg/day to experimenttal groups 3 days before targeted radiation by a unique Small Animal Radiation Research Platform (SARRP). Histological staining indicated that antioxidant treated mice had less severe bone marrow damage 1 week after irradiation with substantial marrow cellular recovery 4 weeks later. Flow cytometry analysis showed that antioxidant administration was correlated with a rebound in MSC quantity in bone marrow. Anti-oxidant treatment was also observed to allow for better vasculature retention and recovery through angiographic imaging. Our data suggests that pre-treatment with ascorbic acid serves to improve bone marrow microenvironments for bone marrow stem cells after radiation treatment.

Keywords

Irradiation; Bone Injury; Stem Cells; Microenvironment; Antioxidant

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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