High Blood Pressure Effects on the Brain Barriers and Choroid Plexus Secretion

Ibrahim González-Marrero, Leandro Castañeyra-Ruiz, Juan M. González-Toledo, Agustín Castañeyra-Ruiz, Héctor de Paz-Carmona, Lidia Ruiz-Mayor, Agustín Castañeyra-Perdomo, Emilia M. Carmona-Calero

Departamento de Anatomía, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
Departamento de Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigación y Ciencias de Puerto del Rosario, Fuerteventura.

DOI: 10.4236/nm.2012.31009                

Abstract

High blood pressure produces ventricular dilation, variations in circumventricular organs and changes in the cerebrospinal fluid compositions. On the other hand, chronic hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats can cause changes in the integrity of the brain barriers: blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier and blood brain barrier. The permeability of the brain barriers can be studied by using transthyretin and S-100β. In the present work we study the integrity of the brain barrier and the choroid plexus function variations in arterial hypertension. Control rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats were used and the choroid plexus were processed by immunohistochemistry with anti-transthyretin and anti-vasopressin. Western blot was also performed in cerebrospinal fluid, serum and choroid plexus using anti-S-100β, anti-transthyretin. The accumulation of transthyretin immunoreactive was bigger in spontaneously hypertensive rats with respect to the control. Vasopressin was also higher in spontaneously hypertensive rats with respect to the control. Western blot showed that transthyretin tetramer was higher in the spontaneously hypertensive rats than in the control rats. The expression of transthyretin monomer was lower in hypertensive rats than the control in the cerebrospinal fluid, the transthyretin monomer reaction in the blood was stronger in hypertensive than in control rats. Western blot for the S-100 β showed an increase in blood and cerebrospinal fluid of hypertensive rats. The high blood pressure produces a disruption of the blood brain barrier and blood to cerebrospinal fluid barrier that allows extravasations from the cerebrospinal fluid to the blood and from the blood to the cerebrospinal fluid.

Keywords

Brain Barriers; Choroid Plexus; Arterial Hypertension

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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