Author(s)

Jill A. Gadzinski¹, Jianxia Guo², Brian J. Philips¹, Per Basse³, Ethan K. Craig^2,4, Lisa Bailey³, Joseph Latoche⁵, John T. Comerci¹, Julie L. Eiseman^2*

¹Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology/Reproductive Sciences, Magee Women’s Hospital of the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
²Cancer Therapeutics Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
³Cancer Immunology Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, and Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
⁴School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
⁵Department of Cardiology, Molecular Imaging Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women worldwide [1]. Photodynamic therapy has been used for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia with good responses, but few studies have used newer phototherapeutics. We evaluated the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy using Pc 4 in vitro and in vivo against human cervical cancer cells. Methods: CaSki and ME-180 cancer cells were grown as monolayers and spheroids. Cell growth and cytotoxicity were measured using a methylthiazol tetrazolium assay. Pc 4 cellular uptake and intracellular distribution were determined. For in vitro Pc 4 photodynamic therapy, cells were irradiated at 667 nm at a fluence of 2.5 J/cm² at 48 h. SCID mice were implanted with CaSki and ME-180 cells both subcutaneously and intracervically. Forty-eight hours after Pc 4 photodynamic therapy was administered at 75 and 150 J/cm². Results: The IC₅₀s for Pc 4 and Pc 4 photodynamic therapy for CaSki and ME-180 cells as monolayers were, 7.6 μM and 0.016 μM and >10 μM and 0.026 μM; as spheroids, IC₅₀s of Pc 4 photodynamic therapy were, 0.26 μM and 0.01 μM. Pc 4 was taken up within cells and widely distributed in tumors and tissues. Intracervical photodynamic therapy resulted in tumor death, however mice died due to gastrointestinal toxicity. Photodynamic therapy resulted in subcutaneous tumor death and growth delay. Conclusions: Pc 4 photodynamic therapy caused death within cervical cancer cells and xenografts, supporting development of Pc 4 photodynamic therapy for treatment of cervical cancer. Support: P30-CA47904, CTSI BaCCoR Pilot Program.

Cervical Cancer, Lasers, Silicon Phthalocyanine 4, Photodynamic Therapy

Gadzinski, J. , Guo, J. , Philips, B. , Basse, P. , Craig, E. , Bailey, L. , Latoche, J. , Comerci, J. and Eiseman, J. (2016) Evaluation of Silicon Phthalocyanine 4 Photodynamic Therapy against Human Cervical Cancer Cells in Vitro and in Mice. Advances in Biological Chemistry, 6, 193-215. doi: 10.4236/abc.2016.66017.