Review and Prospect of Research on Floating Population Entrepreneurship in Strange Land in China

With the development of urbanization in China, the floating population has become an important driving force for urban economic development and entrepreneurial activity, and its entrepreneurial activity even exceeds that of local residents. This paper focuses on the main theoretical results of the research on floating population entrepreneurship in strange land, systematically combs and reviews the research on floating population entrepreneurship in strange land from three aspects: the definition and measurement of floating population entrepreneurship in strange land, the determinants of floating population entrepreneurship in strange land, and the results of floating population entrepreneurship in strange land. Floating population entrepreneurship in strange land refers to the behavior of floating population to identify, create and utilize economic opportunities, carry out entrepreneurial activities and achieve enterprise development in their inflow areas. In addition to fo-cusing on the entrepreneurial behavior of the general floating population, the research on floating population entrepreneurship in strange land also focuses on the urban entrepreneurial behavior of the rural floating population. The research on the determinants of floating population entrepreneurship in strange land mainly focuses on the single factor analysis at the micro, meso and macro levels. The research on the results of floating population entrepreneurship in strange land explores the multiple impacts of floating population entrepreneurship on entrepreneurs and entrepreneurial regions from an economic and non-economic perspective. Finally, based on the existing analysis conclusions and deficiencies, this paper expands the future research direction. This paper considers that the subdivision of types of floating population entrepreneurship in strange land, the interaction of determinants of floating population entrepreneurship in strange land, the process research of floating population entrepreneurship in strange land, and the entrepreneurial performance of floating population in strange land need to be further dee-pened.


Introduction
In China, the discrimination and exclusion caused by the household registration system have led to the widespread phenomenon of unequal pay for equal work between floating population and local residents in terms of wage income (Zhang, 2016). It is difficult for floating population to improve their economic and social status through promotion in the labor market. Early studies on floating population mainly focused on the social security, social integration and social crime, and paid less attention to the positive social behavior of floating population. In recent years, some studies have found that urban entrepreneurship is the effective way for floating population to make their living and improve economic and social status, and the entrepreneurial intention and entrepreneurial rate of floating population is even higher than that of local residents (Liu & Huang, 2016;Liu et al., 2019;Zhang & Zhang, 2017). The entrepreneurial behavior of floating population in strange land has attracted continuous attention.
Floating population entrepreneurship in strange land refers to the behavior of floating population to identify, create and utilize economic opportunities, carry out entrepreneurial activities and achieve enterprise development in their inflow areas. The early research on the floating population entrepreneurship in strange land holds that the floating population generally encounters external discrimination, and their limited educational base, professional skills, and resource endowment even lead them to choose to start a business in retail or low-skilled service industries. With the development of the phenomenon of floating population entrepreneurship in strange land, some scholars have found that floating population is a group with internal heterogeneity, and some of floating population with high education and professional skills has begun to enter knowledgeor technology-intensive industries. Floating population entrepreneurship in strange land has gradually exhibited diversified characteristics.
At present, the research on the floating population entrepreneurship in strange land mainly focuses on the entrepreneurial choices, determinants and performance of entrepreneurship, and has obtained relatively rich theoretical results. However, the existing research still has deficiencies, such as research generalization and conclusion ambiguity, which need to be systematically combed and analyzed. This paper focuses on the main topics of floating population entrepreneurship in strange land, and systematically reviews the research on floating population entrepreneurship in strange land from three aspects: the defini-K. Ying tion and measurement of floating population entrepreneurship in strange land, the determinants of floating population entrepreneurship in strange land, and the results of floating population entrepreneurship in strange land, and expands the direction of future research by combining existing research conclusions and deficiencies.
The following arrangement of this paper is as follows: the second section mainly introduces the definition and measurement of floating population entrepreneurship in strange land, including the definition and measurement of "floating population", "rural floating population", "entrepreneurship" and "floating population entrepreneurship in strange land". The third section mainly introduces the determinants of floating population entrepreneurship in strange land, including the analysis of determinants at the micro level, the meso level and the macro level. The fourth section mainly introduces the results of floating population entrepreneurship in strange land, including the analysis of economic results and non-economic results. The fifth section mainly introduces the shortage of current research and the prospect of future research on floating population entrepreneurship in strange land. The sixth section mainly introduces the research contributions and deficiencies of this paper.

Definition and Measurement of Floating Population Entrepreneurship in Strange Land
Floating population refers to the adults of child-bearing age who have left the area where their household registration is located and live in strange land for the purpose of working and living 1 .Specifically in statistics, the floating population refers to the population separated by households deducts that in municipal districts. The population separated by households refers to the population whose residence is not consistent with the township street where the household registration is located and who has been away from the household registration place for more than half a year. The population separated by households in a municipal district refers to the population in a municipality or a prefecture-level city inside and between district and district, whose residence and household registration place are not in the same township street 2 . Entrepreneurship is the process of identifying, assessing, and leveraging opportunities to create future goods and services (Shane & Venkataraman, 2000). Gartner (1988); Low and MacMillan (1988); Shook et al. (2003) consider that creating a new business is the core of entrepreneurship. Parker (2009) (Rui, 2017;Wang & Feng, 2018;Zhou et al., 2017). The rural floating population is the floating population with an agricultural household registration or from rural areas. It is an important part of the floating population, and it mainly reflects the liability of foreignness of floating population from less developed areas to developed areas.
The existing research on the floating population entrepreneurship in strange land mostly uses quantitative analysis, while a few studies take the Xinhua printing entrepreneurs as the research object for qualitative analysis. In the quantitative research, different scholars on the measurement of floating population and entrepreneurship are slightly different, as follows: The measurement of floating population: In the most commonly used measurement method, the floating population refers to people who have lived locally for 1 month or more, have non-local (county, city) household registration, and are 16 -59 years old (Li & Chen, 2018;Ning & Duan, 2017;Wei et al., 2016). In addition, there are also studies that limit the floating population to people whose current residence is different from the household registration location at the age of 14 (Ye et al., 2018b).
There are three main ways to measure the rural floating population: First, people with agricultural household registration who live in cities or work in cities (Liu et al., 2019;Zhang & Liu, 2014). Second, that is floating population with agricultural household registration and engaged in non-agricultural work (Jing et al., 2018). Third, that is floating population with agricultural household registration .
The measurement of entrepreneurship: Existing research mainly considers that the entrepreneurial behavior of floating population includes self-employment and employer. However, some studies consider that there are many differences between self-employment and employer, and explore the differences between them (Jing et al., 2018;Li & Chen, 2018;Wang & Feng, 2018).
At the same time, some studies consider more strictly that the entrepreneurial behavior does not include self-employment (Rui, 2017;Ye et al., 2018b). Specific to the measurement, self-employment is mainly measured by whether the type of work is self-employment (Li & Chen, 2018). In addition to measuring whether the type of work is an employer, employer is measured also by the number of employees (employers with 1 or more employees), and private business owners are considered employers (Jing et al., 2018;Wang & Feng, 2018).

Determinants of Floating Population Entrepreneurship in Strange Land
There are many determinants of the floating population entrepreneurship in strange land, and the whole can be divided into the following three aspects, namely the micro level, meso level and macro level. and organizational legitimacy, thereby promoting entrepreneurship (Rui, 2017).

2) Individual characteristics
The research on individual characteristics mainly includes demographic characteristics such as gender, age, marital status, household registration, non-cognitive competence, education, work experience, health, and dialect skills.
Research on demographic characteristics generally considers that male, married, and floating populations with agricultural household registration are more likely to choose a strange land to start a business, and there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between age and entrepreneurship (Liu et al., 2019;Zhu, 2017). But some scholars find some different conclusions. Zhou et al. (2017) found by further subdivision of entrepreneurial types that men are more likely to become entrepreneur (employer), but are not different from women in terms of becoming self-employed. Ning and Duan (2017) found that non-agricultural or local household registration can help reduce financial constraints, improve risk tolerance, and stabilize social security and employment expectations, and that promotes entrepreneurial choice. Liu and Huang (2016) found that floating population with non-agricultural household registration is more inclined to obtain employment rather than entrepreneurship.
Non-cognitive competence refers to a relatively stable way of thinking, feeling and behavior, which reflects the specific response of an individual under certain circumstances. Zhu (2019)

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When the floating population has an undergraduate education level or above, it has more opportunities to obtain stable jobs with high salaries and high social status in the labor market, and its entrepreneurial opportunity costs are higher, so they are more inclined to choose employment than entrepreneurship. When floating population have a long working life, they are less likely to carry out entrepreneurial activities, especially necessity entrepreneurship. Secondly, there is a positive relationship between education level, work experience and entrepreneurial choice, especially being an employer. Educational and work experience are conducive to improving the knowledge level, cultivating entrepreneurial skills, and broadening the social network of the floating population, which in turn help them identify entrepreneurial opportunities and carry out entrepreneurial activities (Jing et al., 2018;Zhou et al., 2017). At the same time, with the increase in education level and working experience, the aspiration of upward mobility and the ability of accepting new things of floating population increase, and they are more willing to start a business (Li, 2018;Zhang & Liu, 2014).
Third, there is a negative relationship between education level and entrepreneurial choice, especially necessity self-employment (Wei et al., 2016;Zhou et al., 2017;Zhu, 2017).
Dialects are the carrier and media of regional culture. Existing studies have

The Meso Level
The meso level factors include family level factors and social network factors.

1) Family level
The determinants at the family level mainly include two aspects, material and non-material capital. Family material capital such as household income and cul- can obtain market information and resources and raise economic capital through friends working outside the country; seek relatives who serve as civil servants and teachers for economic, emotional, and policy guidance (Zhang & Liu, 2014). They also can be embedded local social networks through the social relationships of other outside entrepreneurs and managers, and then obtaining legitimacy. In addition, the size of the floating population also helps floating population to carry out entrepreneurial activities in the local area (Feng et al., 2016). On the other hand, over-embedding hometown relation social networks is not conducive to access to heterogeneous information, and foster creative

The Macro Level
The macro level determinants mainly include economic environment and insti-  et al., 2016). Similarly, the greater the regional labor demand are, the more employment opportunities that can be provided to the floating population, and the lower intention to start a business.
Floating population usually faces employment discrimination in the labor market, and it is difficult to obtain considerable wage income. The increase of their income depends largely on the minimum wage standard. The higher the minimum wage is, the more possibility for floating population to achieve income growth through employment, so they are more likely to choose employment than entrepreneurship (Li & Chen, 2018). At the same time, the minimum wage standard reflects the level of social security in the region to a certain extent.
When the level of regional social security is higher, the floating population has more ways to make a living, and the entrepreneurial intention decreases (Ning & Duan, 2017). However, Li and Chen (2018)

2) Institutional environment
Existing studies have found that the lack of policy support is an important environmental factor restricting the entrepreneurship of floating population. The existing policies mainly protect the interests of local residents, the floating population especially that without a local household registration in the face of complicated business administrative approval procedures, and it is difficult for them to obtain financial support through formal channels such as government support, bank loans and venture investment. The improvement of the policy environment will help reduce the difficulty of the floating population in entrepreneurship and promote their entrepreneurial choice (Feng et al, 2016;Zhu, 2014).
China's household registration system is an important cause of discrimination against floating population and an important factor restricting floating population entrepreneurship. Floating population usually has difficulty in obtaining local household registration. The higher the threshold for regional settlement, the higher the gold content of the household registration, and the more discrimination and restrictions the floating population encounters. For example, it is difficult for floating population to establish their local identity psychologically,

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and their sense of belonging to the region is low. Floating population does not enjoy equal social welfare policies and security systems, and their living cost is high. It is difficult for the floating population to integrate into the local society, and the transaction cost in entrepreneurship is high (Feng et al., 2016;Li, 2019).
In addition, some scholars have explored the impact of economic and institutional distances between the inflow and outflow areas on floating population entrepreneurship in strange land (Ye et al., 2018b), and the study have found that the larger economic distance promotes the floating population entrepreneurship in strange land by providing a larger consumer market , rich entrepreneurial opportunities and strong knowledge spillover effects; the larger institutional distance promotes the floating population entrepreneurship in strange land by providing more entrepreneurial resources and opportunities, promoting the fair allocation of information and resources and entrepreneurial opportunities.

Results of Floating Population Entrepreneurship in Strange Land
The existing research on the results of floating population entrepreneurship in strange land is mainly based on economic and non-economic perspectives. Economic results mainly include individual level, enterprise level and social level, and non-economic results mainly include social identity, social integration, entrepreneurial happiness and other subjective feelings.

1) Individual level
At the individual level, the economic results mainly focus on the income of floating population entrepreneurs. Previous studies have found that there is no significant difference between the employment level of floating population entrepreneurs and local enterprises, and their entrepreneurial income is even significantly higher than that of local entrepreneurs (Zhang & Zhang, 2017). Urban household registration, local household registration and public services help to increase the entrepreneurial income of floating population (Ning & Duan, 2017).

2) Enterprise level
Economic results at the enterprise level mainly focus on the entrepreneurial success and enterprise performance of the floating population.
Existing studies have explored the entrepreneurial success of floating population through the indicator of whether there is a fixed business place , and found that local social network embeddedness is an effective way to overcome entrepreneurial difficulties and achieve entrepreneurial success. The exit rate of enterprises of floating population is even significantly lower than that of local enterprises (Liu et al., 2019).
Existing studies have explored the entrepreneurial performance of floating population from two aspects: entrepreneurial input and entrepreneurial output.
Among them, the indicators of entrepreneurial investment include initial in-American Journal of Industrial and Business Management vestment, the area of fixed production and operation sites, the handling of relevant business licenses, the number of employees, and technical input, etc. The indicators of entrepreneurial output include profitability, total assets, and the duration of the enterprise, etc. (Liu et al., 2019;Yang, 2016;Yang et al., 2018).
Although some studies have found that there are the characteristics of low technical threshold, small scale, short start-up period, low initial investment and low profit level in floating population entrepreneurship , some studies have found that the entrepreneurial performance of floating population is comparable to that of local residents (Liu et al., 2019), and human capital and social capital can help improve the entrepreneurial performance of floating population (Yang, 2016).

3) Social level
At the social level, the economic results mainly focus on the clustering phe- Existing studies have found that the size of floating population in cities significantly promotes urban entrepreneurial activity, and the degree of regional marketization and the level of Internet development further promote the influence of floating population on the entrepreneurial activity of cities (Ye et al., 2018a).
At the same time, some scholars have found that although the entrepreneurship of floating population is mainly concentrated in the wholesale, retail and food industries, it has experienced rapid growth in high-end services such as finance, real estate and social welfare, and the floating population entrepreneurship is gradually diversified and specialized (Liu et al., 2019).

Non-Economic Results
The non-economic outcomes of floating population entrepreneurship in strange land are mainly concerned with the subjective psychological feelings of floating population, including social identity, social integration and entrepreneurial happiness.
Entrepreneurship of floating population in strange land promotes deconstruction of the identity of external population and improves urban adaptability (Yang, 2011). The entrepreneurship of floating population in cities increases their economic income, promotes their embeddedness of local social networks, K. Ying American Journal of Industrial and Business Management and improves their economic and social status, which is conducive to the acceptance of local culture and the active integration into the local society.
The social integration of floating population has the characteristics of "low level" and "non-equilibrium". Liu (2013) has subdivided social integration into economic integration, community integration, social relationship integration, and psychological and cultural integration, and has found that various types of social integration among floating population are generally low, and there are unbalanced, especially floating population is rarely willing to take the initiative incorporating into the local society, and the institutional and cultural environment, migration patterns of floating populations, and business models affect their social integration. However, some studies suggest that urban entrepreneurship of floating population is not only a process of their own integration into the local society, but also has the characteristics of intergenerational transmission (Sun, 2018).
Existing studies have explored the entrepreneurial happiness of floating population from the dimensions of social status, work and life satisfaction, and value realization. Studies have found that the entrepreneurial happiness of floating population is at a medium level (Rui, 2017). The new generation of floating population attaches particular importance to the local social network embeddedness and opportunity development, and it is easier to obtain happiness from innovative entrepreneurial behavior.

Subdivision of Floating Population Entrepreneurship Types
The land. In addition, although the economically underdeveloped regions seem to have fewer entrepreneurial opportunities, many emerging industries are waiting to rise in these regions. In order to grasp the first-mover advantage of the market, companies or individuals with economic strength are willing to turn to less-developed regions for seeking entrepreneurial opportunities. Therefore, future research can focus on the entrepreneurial behavior of floating population from more developed areas to less developed areas.

The Interaction of Determinants of Floating Population Entrepreneurship in Strange Land
Although the existing studies have explored the determinants of floating population entrepreneurship in strange land from different levels, few studies have focused on the interaction between different factors. The entrepreneurial behavior of the floating population is the result of multiple factors, and there may be mutual substitution or coordination between different factors. For example, hometown relation social network can make up for the lack of economic or human capital of the floating population, and then promote their entrepreneurial activities. Regional discrimination or imperfect institutional environment hinders the entrepreneurial activities of the floating population, but the floating population with higher professional skills and resource endowment are relatively less affected. Future research can focus on the interaction between different factors on the impact of floating population entrepreneurship in strange land.

Research on the Process of Floating Population Entrepreneurship in Strange Land
Entrepreneurship is a process of continuous resource input and strategic planning. Existing studies pay more attention to the determinants and results of floating population entrepreneurship, and the process of entrepreneurship needs to be improved. Through literature review, we have found that the floating population is a group with internal heterogeneity, and different floating population has different personality characteristics and resource endowments, and their initial entrepreneurial strategy choice and enterprise development direction are also different. For example, floating population with lower education level and economic capital usually choose to enter retail or low-skilled service industries, and adopt low-cost strategies or centralized strategies, while floating population with higher education level and professional skills can choose to enter high-tech industries such as finance and artificial intelligence, and adopt differentiation strategies. Future research can focus on the entrepreneurial process, the development and strategic transformation of enterprises after that.

Entrepreneurial Performance of Floating Population in Strange Land
There is no uniform conclusion about the existing research on the entrepreneurial performance of floating population in strange land, the reason is that different studies select different samples of floating population, and the defini-

Conclusion
With At the same time, this paper also has the following research deficiencies.
Firstly, although this paper strictly refers to the current mainstream research methods when selecting research samples and carefully reads the literature one by one, this paper is completed by the author alone, and it is inevitable that there will be omissions when collating the existing literature. In order to reduce the impact caused by the above situation, the authors searched the literature through similar keywords as much as possible, and carefully checked the disputed literature by reading the text of the literature. After determining the research samples, the author read the literature one by one and consulted other teachers and classmates when in doubt to try to ensure the accuracy of the understanding.
Secondly, although this study systematically combs and integrates the research on the floating population entrepreneurship in strange land, and expands the future research direction, it does not build a systematic analysis framework. Future reviews can combine existing research and future prospects to build a systematic research framework in order to more clearly show the research logic of floating population entrepreneurship in strange land.