I Am Accusing the Coalition of Alawite-Iranian-Hezbollah-Russian Federation in the Genocide and in an Ethnic Cleansing in Syria

This paper will explore the causes of and the main players in this formidable human tragedy, the tragedy of Sunni Arabs and their resistance to the dominance of the Alawite heretics and Iranian Shias. The Syrian war is a crime against Sunni Arabs because the war’ main goal is an ethnic cleansing to remove the Sunni Arabs from Syria. This paper argues that the key reason for the war is ethnic cleansing based on the Sunni Arabs’ religion and ethnicity and the resistance of Semitic Sunni to the invasion of the Alawite-Iranian-Hezbollah-Russian coalition in Syria. Some geopolitical, geo-military, and geo-economic reasons for the invasion will also be presented. During the course of this long, bloody war, nearly all the participants have changed their aspirations, aims, and objectives. Close to the end of the war, it is evident that the aspirations and aims that dominate the end phases contrast sharply with those held at the beginning of the war.

tions against Israel in 1971Israel in , 1973Israel in , and 1982. Even today, Russian military personnel participate directly in actions against Israel, as it became clear in Syria in September 2018 [9].

Ethnic Cleansing
Ethnic cleansing is defined as "The forced removal of ethnic, religious, cultural or racial groups from a territory or country by another ethnic group with help or without help of foreign forces". Often, there is international silence or protests occur only a significant time after the actual event.
There are many examples from the near past, including the genocide of the Jews in Europe by the Nazis. When the Red Army freed Kiev (the capital of Ukraine), it discovered mass graves in the nearby ravine of Babyn Yar (Ukrainian: Бабин Яр). Here, the German Nazis and Ukrainian nationalists had massacred 33,771 Jews in just a few days, from 29 to 30 September 1941. Later, many thousands of communists and prisoners of war were massacred in Babyn Yar. The Ukrainian Auxiliary Police had carried out many extermination orders [10]. At the Teheran Conference in November 1943, http://www.ibiblio.org/pha/policy/1943/1943-12-01c.html the ruler of the Soviet Union, Stalin, proposed to announce publicly the Nazi's atrocities against the civil population and Jews. Although the President of the United States (USA), Roosevelt, supported this idea, Great Britain's Prime Minister, Churchill, opposed it. Churchill was anti-communist and a well-known anti-Semite with some positive sentiments toward Nazism. He defended British interests in the Middle East by preventing the Jews from escaping from Europe to Palestine. In this manner, Great Britain became a co-sponsor of the Nazis in the extermination of the European Jews from 1933 to 1945, which contradicted British proclaimed obligations in the Balfour Declaration (November 2, 1917) https://www.britannica.com/event/Balfour-Declaration and the British Mandate for Palestine https://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/article/british_mandate_for_palestine. The three leaders agreed do not release the information about the Nazi's atrocities against the Jews, prisoners of war, and the civil population until the end of the war. Thus, the war crimes did not become publicly known internationally until the time of the Nuremberg trials. Thus, international leaders concealed the facts about ethnic cleansing and the extermination of the civil population at the time that they occurred.
The massacre of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia, known as the Volhynia Massacre, is still not well known to the international community. When the massacre took place, it was concealed by Nazis, and then later by the USSR and communists in Poland. Even today, it has been poorly studied and poorly docu- During World War II, the euphemism čišćenje terena ("cleansing the terrain") was used by Ustaše in Croatia in relation to actions against Jews and Serbs [11].
The war in Yemen has many similarities with the war in Syria. Many Hutu (who participated in genocide) relocated in Yemen after they were expelled from Rwanda [12] for their atrocities against the Tutsi and Pygmy Batwa population [13]

The Middle East before and after World War I
It is necessary to know the history and the ethnic and religious composition of Syria to answer the question of why the war in Syria was and is a case of ethnic cleansing. Syria is situated in Asia Minor, often called the Middle East, and it is located in what is known as the Fertile Crescent [14], which is a cradle of modern Afro-Euro-Asian civilization. It was a dwelling place for many different Semitic tribes, most of which have since been exterminated, including Phoenicians, the ancient and thalassemic Semitic nation [15], the Arameans [16], Idumeans [17], and many other small and large Semitic tribes. Today, only the Arabs, Jews, and renegade tribe of Crimean Karaites [18] remain from the array of dozens of different Semitic nations. Because of its geostrategic placement, intense migrations and conquests have centered on this territory. For several hundred years, until the end of World War I, the Ottoman Empire [19] dominated Asia Minor, Mesopotamia, and the Arabian Peninsula. Ottoman Empire entered World War I as one of the Central Powers, along with Germany, the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and Bulgaria, co-belligerent and client states. As a result of the war, the Ottoman Empire ceased to exist, along with the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Germany, and Imperial Russia.  the population. Among the Sunni Arabs, the Alawites were long considered to be of low status, particularly as the Alawites were not always considered Muslims. However, the French colonists, following the rule of "divide and dominate", chose to recruit minorities to the indigenous military forces, distrusting the majority Sunni Arabs. Alawites were considered suitable because they were not Arabs or Sunni and because of their low status among the Sunni Arabs. For the Alawites, service in the colonial indigenous military forces enabled them to lift their social status and escape from the peasantry; the fortunate ones were able to become low-ranking officers in the military forces. Over time, the composition of the indigenous military forces in Syria came to consist predominantly of Alawites, Druses, and Arab Christians. Sunni Arabs, Armenians, Greeks, and Jews were underrepresented or completely absent from these military forces.  [24]. Following Khrushchev's instigation, Nasser had announced nationalization of the joint British-French Suez Canal Company that owned and operated the canal and Nasser blocked Israel from using it. Egypt lost the military conflict in this so-called Suez Crisis. Although Khrushchev made a great deal of noise and issued threats, he gave little practical assistance to Egypt, beyond the provision of some military equipment. Only the involvement of the USA saved Egypt from collapse and Nasser from dethronement, as the USA forced Israel, France, and Great Britain to retreat from Sinai. Khrushchev was successful in influencing Nasser and later Hafez al-Assad. The union between the Syrian Republic and Egypt in the United Arab Republic lasted from 1958 to 1961. In 1961, Syria declared separation from Egypt and became the Syrian Arab Republic. In 1963, the Syrian Ba'athist party organized a military coup and usurped power in the country. Thus, from 1963 up to the present day, military dictatorships have defined the political structure of Syria. Today, Syria is governed by the pure despotism of the Assad dynasty.  [the] crusaders concluded Alawites were not a truly Islamic sect [28] and cooperated with Alawites against the Muslims". Ibn Taymiyya was strongly anti-Alawite and accused the Alawites of aiding the crusaders and Mongols, as the following quotation, cited in Daniel Pipes (1992) Greater Syria, Oxford University Press, p 163, ISBN 978-0-19-536304-3, indicates: "the Nusayris are more infidel than Jews or Christians, even more infidel than many polytheists. They have done greater harm to the community of Muhammad than have the warring infidels such as the Franks, the Turks, and others. To ignorant Muslims they pretend to be Shi'is, though in reality they do not believe in God or His prophet or His book… Whenever possible, they spill the blood of Muslims… They are always the worst enemies of the Muslims… war and punishment in accordance with Islamic law against them are among the greatest of pious deeds and the most important obligations [Ibn Taymiyya]". In his book, Matti Moosa also accused the Alawites of aiding the crusaders and Mongols against the Muslims [28]. Historian Ibn Kathir (Ismail ibn Kathir (Arabic: ‫ﻛﺜﯿﺮ‬ ‫اﺑﻦ‬ , full name Abu Al-Fida, 'Imad Ad-Din Isma'il bin 'Umar bin Kathir Al-Qurashi Al-Busrawi (1301-1373)), characterized the Alawites as kuffar (infidels) and mushrikeen (polytheists). According to Ibn Kathir, whereas Muslims proclaim their faith with the phrase "There is no deity but God and Muhammad is His prophet", the Alawis assert that "There is no deity but Ali, no veil but Muhammad, and no Bab but Salman". As Alawis reject Islam's main tenets, by almost any standard they must be considered non-Muslims [29].

Rise of the Assad Dynasty Dictatorship
"Alawis are self-described as a community of 'true believers'. Alawites celebrate Mass, including consecration of bread and wine" [30]. Alawite doctrine incorporates Islamic, Gnostic, neo-Platonic, Christian and other elements and has, therefore, been described as syncretic [31] [32]. "The Alawi sect, which integrates doctrines from other religions-in particular from Christianity-arose from a split within the Ismailite sect. The Alawis appear to be descendants of people who lived in this region at the time of Alexander the Great. When Christianity flourished in the Fertile Crescent, the Alawis, isolated in their little communities, clung to their own preIslamic religion. After hundreds of years of Ismaili influence, the Alawis moved closer to Islam. However, contacts with the Byzantines and the Crusaders added Christian elements to the Alawis' new creeds and practices. For example, Alawis celebrate Christmas, Easter, and Epiphany", from [31] [32].
Alawites also believe that "they were originally stars or divine lights that were cast out of heaven through disobedience and must undergo repeated reincarnation (or metempsychosis) before returning to heaven [33] [34]. They can be reincarnated as Christians or others through sin and as animals if they become infidels. In addition, they believe that God might have incarnated twice; the first incarnation was Joshua who conquered Canaan, and the second was the fourth Caliph, Ali" (By Prof. John Myhill (May 4, 2011), the Alawites and Israel https://besacenter.org/perspectives-papers/the-alawites-and-israel/).
Having an Alawi rather than a "real" Muslim president was contrary to the wishes of the majority of Syrians and it resulted in protests and demonstrations [37]. himself and his family. However, silent resistance by the Sunni Arabs was a constant concern for both Hafez al-Assad and, later, Bashir al-Assad.

The Sunni Arab Revolution against the Al-Assad Dictatorship
Hafez al-Assad and Bashir al-Assad are the Alawi dynasty. They have been supported by their clan and by other Alawites. However, this has not been enough

Alawites of Assad against the Syrian Sunni Arabs
In Syria, as we have explained, there is a clash between the Alawites of Assad and

Opposition to Assad
The view. However, several groups will be described because this is necessary to gain an understanding of the dynamics of the war.

Russian "Volunteers" and Islamic Idealist Volunteers
The Russian Federation is following in the footsteps of the USSR and the Russian Empire, fighting with hidden forces based on the principle "их там нету" ("they are not our men"). In "How That Massive Battle between US Troops and Russian Mercenaries in Syria Went Down" https://taskandpurpose.com/russian-mercenaries-syria-firefight, it was noted that "Russian 'volunteers' (PMCs) had been killed in the strikes" [41].

Kurds
The Kurdish participation in the Syrian war is complex. Kurds

Russia's History and Its Military, Economic, and Geopolitical Involvement in Syria
Russia has been and is a main force for instability in the Middle East, North In the 1920s, Communist Russia attempted to establish a socialist republic in Iran, the Iran Socialist Soviet Republic or the Soviet Republic of Gilan [42]. In 1948, Stalin was hopeful that the then newly established state of Israel would join the socialist camp and become a satellite of Russia, and he was deeply suspicious of the Arab countries. After the Jewish state instead of choosing Socialism had chosen to ally with the West, Stalin decided to eliminate the entire Jewish population in Russia and commenced by organizing an anti-Semitic campaign known as the doctors' plot or the process against poisoners, in which a group of mainly Jewish doctors from Moscow were accused of planning to assassinate Soviet leaders. Later, the USSR leader Khrushchev was less fastidious than Stalin in his political choices and he decided to provoke the Arab leaders against the West, by making use of the Arab confrontation with Israel. In this way, he was able to put Russia's foot on Middle East soil. Khrushchev provoked the leader of Egypt, Nasser, to nationalize the Suez Canal, igniting the Suez Crisis and the Second Arab-Israeli War in 1956 [43] [44]. Israeli, British, and French forces occupied the Sinai and Suez Canal. Although the USSR was not directly involved militarily, in alliance with the USA, it forced the Israeli, British, and French forces out of Sinai and the Suez Canal has remained under the suzerainty of Egypt. Although the USA has not received any concessions from Egypt, in contrast, the USSR has become a major ally to Egypt, Syria, and various an- Libya, all of whom were ruled by strong dictatorships. Subsequently, however, a period of very high oil prices gave Russia the opportunity to restore its economy. In this period of restoration, Russia's imperialistic military tendencies have revived, and it has established military bases in Syria, Livia, Venezuela, and elsewhere, and instigated conflicts with the ultimate aim of restoring its empire.

Saudi Arabia and the Gulf States in Syria against Islamic Republic of Iran and Russia
Iranians have been the opponents of the Arabs from ancient times, as evidenced by the Iranian revolution propaganda, (the Islamic revolution in 1979) [46]  Bashir al-Assad to prevent Saudi Arabia and Qatar building their pipeline through Syria. This became the "last straw that broke the camel's back" for the Saudi Arabians, who had always been critical of the al-Assad regime, but tolerated it to promote Arab unity as a tool against Israel. However, the direct preference given to the "infidels" of Russia by Bashir al-Assad and the undermining of Saudi Arabia's and Qatar's economic and military security was regarded as intolerable.

Goals of Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Turkey in Syria
Saudi Arabia, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates, and Turkey are on the same side of the barricade in the struggle against the Bashir al-Assad regime. However, they have different goals and aims. Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates are generally protectors of Sunni Muslims against such "cursed infidels" as the Russians. They have demonstrated their support of Afghan' partisans against the Russian invasion and occupation of Afghanistan in 1979 [49] [50], and their support of the Kurds against Assad and their support in the First (1994-1996) [51] and Second Chechen War (1999-2009) [52] [53]. The economic motives of Saudi Arabia, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates regarding the competition on the hydrocarbon market have been very important as competition with Russia. The situation has intensified after Russia's intrigue with Assad prevented construction of the gas pipeline through Syria; the pipeline was also important to the USA in competing with Russia for influence in Europe on the market of hydrocarbons.
Under Erdogan's leadership, Turkey has begun attempts to restore the Otto- War I [20]. A significant portion of its territory on the southern border of Turkey is under Syrian governance [20]. This territory was mainly inhabited by Sunni Turks [54] and the fact that Arabs govern Turks there is confronting to

US Involvement
It is incorrect to consider that the USA sympathizes with any particular side in any conflict and this is particularly the case in the Syrian conflict. The USA has its own agenda, which is complicated and changes in relation to the situation and from Obama to Trump leadership. The main goals of the USA are being able to compete with the two other superstates, Russia and China, as well as with the EU and regional powers (e.g., Turkey, Iran, and Israel) for military and economic dominance in the region. The USA supports a broad array of countries and, although its actions can be correct at the distinct moment of time when they are applied, often they heavily conflict with its long-term interests. for all countries in the region and also for the USA.

Involvement of Israel
Modern Israel is 71 years old. Israel (/ɪzriəl, ˈɪzreɪəl/; Hebrew: ‫ל‬ ֵ ‫א‬ ‫רָ‬ ְ ‫ִשׂ‬ ‫;י‬ Arabic: ‫ِﯿﻞ‬ ‫َاﺋ‬ ‫ْﺮ‬ ‫ﺳ‬ ِ ‫إ‬ ) has been at war with its Arab neighbors from the first day of its declaration of independence. In recent decades, peace treaties have been concluded between Israel and Egypt, and between Israel the Kingdom of Jordan. With other Arab countries, Israel is formally or in reality at war. After the Yom Kippur War (1973), Israel has had a disengagement agreement with Syria. Syria never recognized the state of Israel. Syria allied itself with Iran during the 2006 Lebanon War by supporting Hezbollah and allowed Iran to ship supplies to Hezbollah through Syria. At present, Israel and Iran are sworn enemies. Israel has a population of 8,995,180 and its official religion is Hebrew (Judaism), with all other religions permitted freely, including atheism. Israel's religious composition is as follows: 74.7% Jewish, 17.7% Muslim, 2% Christian, 1.6% Druze, and 4% "other" [58]. Its main ethnicities are 74.5% Jews, 20.9% Arabs, and 4.6% "other" [59]. The Israeli army is composed of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF), which are in close cooperation with the Military Intelligence Directorate (Aman) and with the intelligence services Mossad and Shabah [60]. The IDF has 176,500 active troops and an additional 445,000 reservists [61], which is ten times smaller than Iranian military potential. Despite its relatively small territory and population, Israel has become a powerful military and economic force in the region, and Israel has well-developed technology. As long has not been and is not established the peace agreement between the countries Israel and Syria, to Israel has not been and is not a difference between al-Assad or another Syrian leader. The cooperation between Syria and Iran is regarded by Jerusalem as a threat to the existence of the Jewish state. Iran's leaders have many times declared their intentions and desire to eliminate and destroy Israel. In Iran' confrontations with the USA, Iran has declared Israel as a target for an attack or simply as a hostage. Hostilities between Israel and Syria have existed constantly, but the presence of Iranian military forces in Syria has strongly elevated the military activity of Israel on Syrian soil, mainly against the Iranian military or paramilitary. Israel's aim in this regard has been and is to eliminate or weaken the threat against Israel's existence.

Involvement of China
China is a very old civilization, more than 4000 years old. From its earliest his-

Conclusion
Many countries and even more political interests have been and still are involved in the civil war in Syria; no country is involved purely because it wishes to protect the Sunni Arabs against ethnic cleansing by the al-Assad regime.
The USA under the Trump administration has declared it is not interested in being involved in any new military conflict that will require it to "put boots on enemy ground".
Israel (in April 2019) has demonstrated that the situation in Syria with al-Assad in the leadership suits its interests. At the beginning of the civil war in Syria, Israel gave support to the Assad opposition. However, in April 2019, Israel returned two Syrian citizens from detention in Israel to Syria. One of these detainees was a contrabandist and the second had been detained for terrorist activity. Why, when Israel was hostile to the Assad regime eight years ago, has it suddenly become kind to the Assad regime in April 2019? The answer is complicated.
The "senior" defender of the rights of Palestine Arabs and Sunni Arabs, the "Sultan" of Turkey, Erdogan, does not intend to return major parts of Idlib province to Syrian sovereignty. This has opened up the possibility that the country will be partitioned. Erdogan's occupation of part of Idlib province in Syria and its absence of intentions to return this territory made it easier forPresident of USA Trump to recognize Israeli sovereignty on parts of Golan Heights. As long as Syria's territory remains divided, with parts of it controlled by Turkey, with parts of it controlled by the Kurds, and with parts of it controlled by anti-Assad partisans, Israel is comfortable with the presidency of Bashir al-Assad.
While this situation persists, Israel has a stronger position in terms of keeping Russia has a longstanding interest in having military bases in Syria in case of confrontation with the USA and the Western countries. For Russia is comfortable to have Bashir al-Assad as the ruler of Syria, although any other who will give Russia the right to have military bases in Syria will also be accepted.
The Kurds' interests differ from those of the Arabs'. The Kurds are attempting to establish the sovereign entity; however, this is not realistic without USA' support. The Iranian influence on the Kurds is contrary to USA interests. As always Kurds will end without winning.
Saudi Arabia, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates are trying to assist the Sunni in Syria. They are competing with Russia in the oil and gas market, they are also under heavy threat from Iran. They cannot prevail alone over Iran, and they are seeking help from all Sunni and all Semitic countries, including Egypt, Jordan, Turkey, Pakistan and even Israel, which is also in confrontation with Iran.
China is seeking a neutralization of the Uyghurs nationalists who are participating in the civil war in Syria and have support from Turkey. This could potentially lead to confrontation between China and Turkey.
Thus, in Syria, two main blocks have appeared in terms of potential Global confrontations: the USA, NATO, and the United Sunni and Semite countries, versus infidels and various terrorist organizations.
The Syrian Civil War is a crime against Sunni Arabs, the crime has been perpetrated and is committed by infidels.
The Alawite-Iranian-Hezbollah-Russian coalition must be put under trial at the International Tribunal for the Genocide and an Ethnic Cleansing of Sunni Arabs in Syria by perpetrating of Civil War.

Conflicts of Interest
The author declares no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this paper.