Comparative Analysis of Eight Undergraduate Universities Based on InCites Database

This paper selects the papers collected by Web of Science from 8 local universities in Shandong Province from 2008 to 2018 in the InCites database as a research sample for chemistry, mathematics, engineering, biology and biochemistry, environment and ecology, physics, computer science, and analyzes the amount of documents and the frequency of citations. At the same time, the secondary disciplines with more than 15 papers published in 7 university departments also carried out statistical analysis on the number of publications, citation frequency, and frequency. Using these 7 disciplines, the eight universities will be compared horizontally, and the scientific research gaps between different universities will be located to reveal the research status of the undergraduate universities in Shandong Province of China.


Introduction
On September 21, 2017, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Finance, and the National Development and Reform Commission jointly announced the list of universities and construction disciplines for world-class universities and first-class disciplines.The construction of first-class universities relies on the construction of first-class disciplines.Therefore, improving the scientific research level of universities is the foundation and premise of building a world-class university [1].Academic papers are an important embodiment of evaluating the scientific research achievements and scientific research innovations of a university [2].
The number of papers and the number of citations are one of the important indicators to measure the level of research in schools, research institutions and InCites is an authoritative scientific evaluation and analysis tool based on Web of Science data, not limited to document types [3].The number of papers in the InCites database comes from the seven database indexes of SCI-E, SSCI, A & HCI, CPCI-S, CPCI-SS & H, BKCI-S, and BKCI-SSH [4].InCites can locate key disciplines, dominant disciplines, and development potential disciplines, optimize discipline layout, track and evaluate the research performance of institutions, and conduct benchmarking analysis with peer organizations.

Data Source
In

Chemistry Subject Analysis
The core of Web of science divides chemistry into seven secondary disciplines:

Mathematics Subject Analysis
The core set of Web of science divides mathematics into four sub-disciplines: interdisciplinary applications in mathematics and computational biology, mathematics, applied mathematics, and mathematics.In terms of the number of papers, Linyi University issued a total of 574 articles, of which mathematics and applied mathematics were the largest in eight universities.It can be seen that Linyi University has certain advantages in these two research directions compared to the other seven universities.Binzhou University published a total of 172 mathematics papers, of which the most published research direction is applied mathematics, a total of 93, accounting for 54% of the total number of texts issued by mathematics.The total number of citations was 885, ranking 2 nd among 8 universities.The average number of citations is 5.15 times/paper, which is the highest number of citations in the eight universities.The least amount of papers is Heze University, and there are only 48 papers in WOS.In the second-level discipline of WOS, there are no more than 15 universities in mathematics and computational biology research.It can be seen that the research of mathematics and computational biology in these eight universities is relatively weak.See Table 2 for details.

Engineering Discipline Analysis
The Based on the various data, the engineering discipline of Heze University has the least amount of publications and the least influence.Although Binzhou University has the highest number of citations, it has a small number of publications and needs to increase the number of publications.See Table 3.

Biological and Biochemical Discipline Analysis
The core of Web of science is a two-level discipline of biochemistry research methods As can be seen from Table 4, the research on biology and biochemistry in 8 universities is relatively weak.It can be inferred that the research in biology and biochemistry is relatively weak due to the limitations of experimental conditions and talent policies in the two universities.See Table 5.All universities should strengthen management and investment in environmental and ecological aspects, and try to consider scientific research policies and talent introduction.The data are shown in Table 4.

Physics Subject Analysis
The core set of Web of science divides environment and ecology into eight secondary times/paper, so the general undergraduate in Shandong Province, there is still a big gap between colleges and world-class disciplines.In the fields of applied physics, polymer physics, and mathematical physics, Linyi University has the largest number of publications, which shows that it is higher than the other seven universities in these three directions.The largest number of documents in the interdisciplinary direction of atomic physics and physics is Jining University, with only 42 articles.
It can be seen from the above data that the gap between the physics research of the eight universities and the world-class universities is very large, mainly due to the talent problem.Among the more than 8 colleges and universities, the most prominent physics research is Linyi University and Jining University.See Table 6 for details.

C
. X. Guo DOI: 10.4236/jss.2019.74022283 Open Journal of Social Sciences even the country.Web of Science is an internationally recognized representative tool that reflects the research level of basic subjects.
order to analyze the research gaps and scientific research capabilities among ordinary undergraduate universities, this paper selects 8 universities in Binzhou University, Linyi University, Dezhou University, Taishan University, Jining University, Weifang University, Heze University and Zaozhuang University as research samples.These 8 universities are all ordinary undergraduate universities in Shandong Province, and none of them have entered the ESI database.These 8 universities are the most authoritative comprehensive universities in the city, and they are all located in the second-tier cities of Shandong Province.The GDP and population of the cities are basically the same.Since these 8 universities are all local universities, the majors and advantageous disciplines offered by universities are basically the same.Using the Incics database, the author compares the papers included in the Web of Science from 2008 to 2018 from seven disciplines: chemistry, mathematics, engineering, biology and biochemistry, environment and ecology, physics, and computer science.To locate the gaps in scientific research between different disciplines between universities, and to clarify the gap between ordinary undergraduate colleges and world-class universities and first-class disciplines, with a view to helping scientific researchers in ordinary universities understand and master the development of disciplines, research frontiers and hot issues.Improve the level of scientific research.The data in this article is directly ranked from the InCites database.The rankings of the eight universities are ranked according to the total citation frequency of each subject.The data retrieval date is December 20, 2018, December 23, 2018.Since the update of the InCites database is delayed by 2 months, the actual time span of all data is the time span of 2008-2018.10.31.This article selects these seven disciplines because these eight disciplines represent the main research directions of engineering in eight general universities, and the strength of each university's research team is not much different.

Table 1 .
Weifang University has 641 articles, and the number of articles is the first.Linyi University issued 611 articles, ranking second.The least amount of papers is Heze University, and the number of papers is 81.From the perspective of secondary disciplines, Linyi University has the largest number of Comparative analysis of chemistry disciplines in 8 universities.
core set of Web of science divides mathematics into 11 secondary disciplines such as electrical and electronic engineering, chemical engineering industrial engineering, and manufacturing engineering.In terms of the number of papers, C. X. Guo DOI: 10.4236/jss.2019.74022285 Open Journal of Social Sciences among the 8 universities, C. X. Guo DOI: 10.4236/jss.2019.74022286 Open Journal of Social Sciences

Table 2 .
Comparative analysis of mathematics subjects in 8 universities.
Binzhou University Engineering was 1229 times, and the frequency of citations was 5.06 times/paper, which was higher than that of other 7 universities.However, the number of papers sent in all directions in the engineering discipline is relatively average, and there is no dominant research direction.The number of publications in the biomedical engineering, geological engineering and petroleum engineering of the eight universities is less than 15 articles.It can be seen that the undergraduate colleges have less research on these two secondary disciplines of engineering.Especially for aerospace engineering, only Binzhou University published three related papers, and none of the other seven universities published relevant academic papers.

Table 3 .
Comparative analysis of engineering in 8 universities..03/piece,therefore, the articles published by Binzhou University were cited more frequently than the ESI threshold.The largest number of publications in biochemistry and molecular biology is Dezhou University, with 70 articles.Binzhou University, which has the largest number of documents in biology, has only 17 papers.Linyi University has the largest number of documents in the direction of biotechnology and applied microbiology.The largest number of biophysical publications is Dezhou University.

Table 4 .
Comparative analysis of environment and ecology in 8 universities.

Table 5 .
Comparative analysis of biology and biochemistry in 8 universities.

Table 6 .
Comparative analysis of physics in 8 universities.: applied physics, atomic physics, polymer physics, mathematical physics, and nuclear physics.From the number of papers, Linyi University has the largest number of papers, totaling 287 papers; The least amount of papers was Zaozhuang University, and the number of papers was only 82.From the citation frequency, Linyi University's total citation frequency is the highest total citation frequency of 1950 times; Zaozhuang University has the lowest frequency C. X. Guo DOI: 10.4236/jss.2019.74022291 Open Journal of Social Sciences of citations, mainly because its number of posts is too small.The highest number of citations was from Dezhou University, 10 times/piece, and the last institution ranked 1% before ESI was the University of Kentucky.The citations were 17.87 disciplines