New Concept of Digital Structuring Landscape of the Island Systems of the Vladivostok City District

A new concept of digital vector-layer structuring of landscape space at the local level (on a scale of 1:25,000) is considered on the example of Russian island and adjacent island systems of the Vladivostok urban district. Synthesis, analysis and evaluation of the internal and external content of landscape systems are carried out and altitude complexes of tracts are identified, in each of which altitudes are distinguished. It is noted that one of the main criteria for identifying high-altitude complexes and levels is the high-altitude criterion and the quantitative and qualitative changes in their internal content, taking into account the state of erosion-denudation lowland and mountain landscape systems formed under the influence of the Earth’s real material-energy flows and first of all gravitational energy. According to these criteria, landscape areas are classified and vertex, saddle, upper slope, middle slope and other altitude complexes of tracts are distinguished in each of which altitude levels are distinguished. Structuring and classification proposed to the reader are presented for further study of structures as objects of industry-specific indication and possibilities of using high-landscape complexes as development areas. Noted, as well as the fact that the study was conducted for the first time and is aimed at the practical implementation of the landscape approach in the development of landscape systems, defines the relevance of the work performed.


Introduction
The article proposed to the reader is a continuation of the presentation of the (that is, a digital map of the geographical structure) was compiled and published (Starozhilov, Oznobikhin, Dedeva, & Kudryavtsev, 2018). With the advent of such a cartographic basis, aimed at the practical implementation of the landscape approach during development, it became possible to carry out a synthesis, analysis and assessment of the internal and external content of landscape systems and to identify high-altitude complexes of tracts, each of which has highaltitude levels. The classification is based on the synthesis, analysis and evaluation of the lithological-geomorphological structure, the fundamentals of landscape, taking into account the landscape-forming orographic, climatic and phytostating factors, marginal continental dichotomy, the nature of the development of erosion-denudation and other geosystems. One of the main criteria for identifying high-altitude complexes and levels is the high-altitude criterion and the quantitative and qualitative changes in their internal content, taking into account the state of erosion-denudation lowland and mountain landscape systems formed under the influence of the Earth's material-energy flows and first of all gravitational energy. According to these criteria, landscape areas are classified and vertex, saddle, upper slope, middle slope and other altitude complexes of tracts are distinguished in each of which altitude levels are distinguished. Structuring and classification proposed to the reader are presented for further study of structures as objects of industry-specific indication and possibilities of using high-landscape complexes as development areas. Noted, as well as the fact, the study was conducted for the first time and is aimed at the practical implementation of the landscape approach in the development of landscape systems, determines the relevance of the work performed.

Materials and Methods
Considered unpublished materials of the results of field scientific and practical geological, geographical and geographical long-term research about. Russian (as an object of Southern Primorye, materials are in the funds of "Primgeolkom").
The work is based, first of all, on the author's results obtained when conducting special predictive geological and geographical assessments of the prospects for the 1980s about. In Russian island of location quartz-feldspar raw materials for the production of porcelain, as well as prospects for the discovery of phosphate  In the study applied methods: the method of conjugate analysis of intercomponent and interlandscape connections of landscape components (basement, relief, climate, water, vegetation, soil); the method of typological mapping in the classification system developed by us: tract, terrain, species, genus, subclass, landscape class; the concept (methodology) of the vector stratified landscape zoning and the study of the hierarchical structure and internal geographic content of the taxons of such zoning within the framework of mountain landscape science.

Results
In general, based on the analysis, synthesis and evaluation of significant field and theoretical material, the fundamental result of these studies has been established, namely, to implement the concept of structuring high-rise landscape structures as natural bases for conducting areas harmonized with nature, the development of sectoral areas should be primarily digitized Layered morphological landscape basis (for example, Russky Island is a vector-layered local morphological landscape map of Russian Island.), which at the digital level gives knowledge of the V. T. Starozhilov   steep with xerophytic shrub-grassy oak forests on brown forest thin stony eroded soils 20˚ -45˚ middle-sprouted with fern oak forests of mongolian oak with japanese alder, maples and lindens, forbs and grass meadows on brown forest typical and sod-brown gleypowerful and medium-sized loamy-gravelly soils 20˚ -30˚ gentle slopes and plumes with light forests and forests of alder Japanese forbs and shrubs combined with forb, forb-sedge and sedge-reed meadows on brown forest gley heavy loamy stony soils 3˚ -5˚ oak forests of mongolian oak with ash nosolithicforbred and lespedets on brown, forest thin, loamy-stony soils; steep with slopes over 45 with xerophytic shrub oak trees and their overgrown thickets on brown forest primitive low-power highly stony eroded soils.
It is important to note that the differences in the high-altitude complexes of the tracts are reflected in the boundaries of the tracts of the groups highlighted on the morphological map, and the differences in the elevation levels within the high-altitude complexes coincide with the boundaries of the corresponding tracts on the map. Such a cartographic coincidence of boundaries will in many respects help to further carry out the sectoral indication and practical implementation of the landscape approach to solving the problems of land development.
As an example of the necessity and usefulness of the analysis and evaluation of materials on high-altitude complexes and levels of stows, we present some possibilities for applying the proposed new structuring of landscape space in the construction industry. Already at the design stage, such materials will help designers in assessing the landscape space for urban purposes, for example, when choosing V. T. Starozhilov Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection construction sites. From the internal content (height, angle of inclination, the dynamics of the erosion-denudation system, the development of physiographic processes, etc.) of the high-altitude complexes of the tracts depends largely on the appropriateness of their choice. When choosing construction sites, first of all, they pay attention to their sizes, slopes of surfaces, development of physiographic processes and dissection. Construction use of sites is limited to active landslide and subsidence processes. They require special attention, because quite often, after the construction of a building, these processes become very intense due to the additional load and violation of the groundwater regime.
Significant deviations from the planning norms and the neglect of natural conditions cause the natural dismemberment of the construction site, and this leads to the appearance of negative consequences of construction.

Conclusion
The proposed structuring and classification of landscapes are important not only from the point of view of the development of the scientific foundations of landscape science, but also as a direction of research on the strategic possibilities of its use in the integrated and sectoral development of landscape space. The concept of high-altitude complexes of tracts and their high-altitude levels proposed to the reader is considered as a promising direction of landscape geography in carrying out practical tasks in the development of territories. Subject to the use of vector-layer mapping, the study of tracts using component, morphological, areal, multi-scale vector-layer display (Starozhilov et al., 2009b(Starozhilov et al., , 2009c(Starozhilov et al., , 2009d(Starozhilov et al., , 2012Starozhilov, 2017) will allow cartographically using modern digital computer technologies to proceed to the consideration of scientific and practical planning tools harmonized with nature forecasting of economic, social, ecological and other geosystems. Structuring will be conducive to solving the problems of optimizing the natural environment of the regions. At present, the Far East Federal University Pacific International Landscape Center continues to develop a conceptual methodology for digitizing structuring the practical implementation of the method and the possibility of using these materials in practice. The geographers of Far East Federal University have already prepared a basic landscape map of Primorsky Krai at a scale of 1:500,000, a landscape map of the Russian island at a scale of 1:25,000, a landscape classification of the Sakhalin region (Starozhilov, 2004(Starozhilov, , 2011(Starozhilov, , 2016(Starozhilov, , 2018Starozhilov & Zonov 2009a), continue research in other regions of the Pacific landscape belt of Russia.

Fund
The studies were carried out with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Project-18-05-00086-A).