Right Atrial Giant Myxoma Occupying the Right Ventricular Cavity

Introduction: Atrial myxomas are the most common primary heart tumors. Because of nonspecific symptoms, early diagnosis may be a challenge [1] [2]. Left atrial myxoma may or may not produce characteristic findings on auscultation. Two-dimensional echocardiography is the diagnostic procedure of choice. Most atrial myxomas are benign and can be removed by surgical resection. Cardiac myxoma is located mostly in left atrium [3]. This was amazing huge mass of cardiac myxoma in unusual part of the heart with the patient showed significant response to anticoagulation after presumed recurrence of tumor. Case Presentation: A case of giant right atrial myxoma mimicking the right ventricular tumor is described. Surgery was performed in 41 years old female and the fist like tumor with its stalk was excised. Surprisingly it recurred after 2 month as the smaller tumor was completely resolved with anticoagulation therapy. In addition because of previous normal echocardiography that was done for another reasons, we estimated the speed of tumor’s growth (3 millimeter/month). Conclusion: To sum up a very large myxoma in right ventricle may only present with occasional dyspnea and we can diagnose it with precise evaluation and with performing on time echocardiography.


Introduction
Intracadiac myxoma with an estimated incidence of 0.5 -1 per million per annum constitute about 60% of all primary heart tumor.Approximately 90% occur in the left atrial cavity, and the right atrium is an unusual location.Right atrial myxomas rarely produce symptoms until they are huge [4] [5].Our case is of special interest because of its big size and the recurrence after 2 month.We had this opportunity to estimate tumor's growth rate because of serial normal echocardiograms that were performed for another non-cardiac reasons.
We presented this case to introduce the patient with atypical symptom of cardiac myxoma and unusual size and unusual response to treatment

Case Presentation
A 41 year-old woman complained of exertional dyspnea and cough 2 month prior to the admission.Electrocardiography was nonspecific but she had a systolic murmur in physical examination.A transthoracic 2D echocardiogram showed a large right atrial mass through the tricuspid valve (Figures 1-3).The The patient rejected admission for another surgery so oral anticoagulation with warfarin started and close contact with patient preserved.Dyspnea gradually disappeared and repeated transthoracic echocardiogram after 2 month showed no tumor in the right atrium (Figure 4).The patient evaluated in 3 month by echocardiography and she was normal on 3 occasions.

Discussion
Primary cardiac neoplasms are rare and occur with an estimated incidence of 0.0017% to 0.19%, representing less than 5% of all heart tumors [6] [7].Myxoma is the most prevalent primary cardiac tumor.The RA is an unusual location and is the site of 15% to 20% of cases of myxoma.A low incidence of RA myxoma has been reported for decades in several series of autopsy cases.Approximately 70% of affected patients are women [7] [8] predominantly between the third and sixth decades of life [8].
In a recent publication reporting 19 years of experience with surgical treatment of primary intracardiac myxoma, seven (17%) cases out of 41 originated from the RA [10].However, in this case report, the mean maximal diameter of the tumors was measuring 90 × 20 × 60 mm.To the best of our knowledge, our case is one of the largest RA myxomas described in the literature.
We report a case of a giant right atrial myxoma occupying the entire right ventricular cavity.Three aspects of this case are of special interest.First, the tumor in this patient is very large 90 × 20 × 60 mm that protruding in the right ventricle (Figure 5).tory, that the symptoms were not only vague but also mild and intermittent.
Despite the presence of such a large tumor, one of the largest recorded, she could be free from symptoms for several weeks.Although this tumor is one of the largest myxoma that ever reported, the patients had only a mild dyspnea that it is possible that it was related to reductions in cardiac output to the pulmonary system produced by variable right atrial outflow obstruction.In comparison to the other myxoma this patients was diagnosed sooner because echocardiography performed in the first visit of patient.
Second patients come back with dyspnea again 3 moth after surgery.recurrence occurred in the site of previous tumor that successfully responds to oral anticoagulation therapy.because the shape of tumor is very similar to previous tumor in site of interatrial septum we wanted to excise it again but patient didn't accept surgery and she wanted to continue anticoagulation therapy with warfarin 5 mg daily (The INR between 2 -3) we surprisingly found that the tumor was resolved completely after 2 month and the patients be free of symptoms again.
So we recommended that if the myxoma like tumor recruited after the first surgery a trial of anticoagulation therapy performed before another surgery.

Conclusions
In summary, this is the rare case report with large and rapid growing tumor in right side of the heart showing that initial intensive treatment with anticoagulation in patient with presumed recurrence of cardiac myxoma before secondary high risk surgery may result in a rapid clinical improvement and disappearing cardiac mass.
On the other hand if we assume another recurrence after previous surgery based on echocardiographic finding alone we should consider anticoagulation trial before performing another surgery.
How to cite this paper: Heidari, A., Nourizadeh, M., Najafi, M.H., Nourizadeh, S. and Assadinia, N. (2018) Right Atrial Giant Myxoma Occupying the Right Ventricular Cavity.Case Reports in Clinical Medicine, 7, 476-481.https://doi.org/10.4236/crcm.2018.78042 A. Heidari et al.DOI: 10.4236/crcm.2018.78042477 Case Reports in Clinical Medicine contrast computerized tomographic scan showed an abnormal shadow defect in the right ventricle.The coronary angiography was normal.We diagnosed it as a right ventricular tumor.The patient undergone surgery using Median sternotomy, after cardiac arrest by ante grade blood cardioplegia, a right atriotomy was done.Most of the mass was in the right ventricle of the tricuspid valve.The tumor was excised along with the stalk.Tricuspid valve repaired after that.On gross inspection, the tumor was a soft, lobulated mass measuring 90 × 20 × 60 mm, histological examination confirmed that it was a myxoma.A transthoracic echocardiogram obtained 5 days post operation that showed no residual tumor and mild tricuspid regurgitation.The patient discharged 5 days after surgery.She came back 3 month after discharge with some dyspnea.Transthoracic echocardiogram revealed a mobile right atrial tumor measuring 10 × 6 mm.Because the patient had nephrolithiasis and for this reason she had serial echo-study for preoperative evaluation the last normal trans-thoracic echocardiogram was 24 month ago (in 29/Jun/2011).The tumor was diagnosed in 19/Jun/2013.It's very striking finding that tumor in 24 month can grow up to the 90 mm length(the mean velocity of growth in length was at least 3.7 mm per month).

Figure 2 .
Figure 2. Extension of myxoma to RV.

Figure 4 .
Figure 4. Myxoma is not seen in RA or RV.

Figure 5 .
Figure 5. Size and shape of tumor in gross pathology.