Synthesis of SnO Nanopatricles — A Hydrothermal Approach

SnO nanoparticles were prepared by addition of HCl to tin oxide solution. The synthesis process is simplified for SnO nuclei. We herein report a better-defined and simple procedure for synthesis of SnO particles in a simple hydrothermal process.


Introduction
Metal and metal oxide nanoparticles, differing from their bulk analogs in chemical, thermal, optical, magnetic and other properties, are widely used in catalysis, medicine, electronics and other fields.Many different methods of nanoparticle synthesis with the use of supercritical fluids (SCF) have been suggested, in particular, the reverse micelle, rapid expansion and hydrothermal synthesis methods [1] [2] and [3].Among these methods hydrothermal process has the best advantages and possibilities for synthesis of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles [4] [5].Metal oxide nanomaterials can completely degrade the contaminants with sunlight or UV radiation at room temperature and do not cause pollution [6].These oxide nanomaterials include TiO 2 [7], ZnO [8], SnO [9] [10] and [11], and Fe 2 O 3 [12].
SnO is an important semiconductor material with excellent chemical and physical performances.As an effective photocatalyst, SnO nanostructures can photodegrade organic pollutants to other nontoxic small molecules.In this work, we report on the synthesis of SnO nanoparticles using a one-pot hydro-World Journal of Nano Science and Engineering thermal method.

Synthesis of SnO Nanoparticles
The synthesis of SnO Nano particles was carried out by conventional Hydrothermal protocol, SnCl 2 •2H 2 O and Dil.HCl was used as synthesizing material.In a typical Procedure stock solutions of 0.1 M (2.3 g) SnCl 2 •2H 2 O, solution was prepared in 50 ml of 1.0 M HCl under stirring.To this stock solution 250 ml of SnCl 2 (0.1 M) solution prepared in appropriate amount of urea was added under continuous stirring in order maintain the pH of reactants as 9.The solution was transferred into Teflon lined autoclave and maintained at 150˚C for 1 hr under autogenous pressure.It was then allowed to cool naturally to room temperature.
After the reaction was complete, the resulting white solid product was washed with distilled water to free the precipitates, filtered and then dried in air in a laboratory oven at 60˚C.The same was shown in flow chart Figure 1.

FT-IR Spectrum of SnO Nanopartilces
The FT-IR spectrum Figure 3 of the SnO nanoparticles, the absorption peaks at

SEM Micrograph of SnO Nanoparticles
The SEM micrograph of SnO nanoparticles is shown in Figure 4.It is seen that the particles are mesoporous in nature with particle size of ~50 nm.

Conclusion
In the present communication, nanosized particles of SnO were successfully synthesized by hydrothermal process using tin chloride.

Figure 1 .
Figure 1.Flowchart for the synthesis of SnO Nanoparticles.