Investment Analysis about China’s IT Company—The Tencent Holdings Limited

As one of the most huge and potential markets in the world, China has a se-ries of powerful IT companies, such as Tencent, Alibaba, and Xiaomi and so on. Based on such a market and huge population, these companies have very good future in developing and making profits. As a result, studying on them becomes more and more important for the market to know how these companies develop and how their stocks change. This paper focuses on the developing trend of Tencent and tries to provide a valuable investment suggestion for the market. At last, this paper finds that Tencent, as one of the biggest IT companies in China, has very great developing potential with its achievements in the game industry. The main contributions of this paper are that it has found future developing points of Tencent in the game industry and that it points out a new developing power in IT industry, the Entertainment power. The main limitation of this paper is that it has only checked one IT company, the Tencent, instead of comparing different companies to show how Tencent gets benefits from game industry.


Introduction
The objective of this research is to help investors develop basic skills necessary to be an equity analyst or do research on specific stocks or sectors. We can easily get overwhelmed when learn about a company, analyze its financials, and forecast a stock's investment potential. While this research will use Tencent stock as an example to demonstrate the process of analyzing available information and building a stock analysis report. This true of professional equity research will discuss how to connect incomplete information together to figure the likely fu- This paper is organized as follows: it introduces the general condition of the company and then taking the company's main products, such as Wechat, to show the main developing figure of this company. Then it analyzes the profit points of Tencent before getting a conclusion.
We generally start with key facts, business overview of the company, and important operating statistics, for example profitability, leverage, and other comparisons with industry average. We can analyze how economic developments will impact the industry with major economic indicators. Examples include fed policy, inflation, GDP growth rate, etc. It is also important to pay close attention to the company's recent movements and policy decisions. The most critical portion of stock analysis is comparing the company's financials to those of its competitors and estimating the trends of rations and comparisons to competitors.

Corporation Description
Tencent Holdings Limited is a Chinese multinational investment holding conglomerate, founded in November 1998. It is one of the largest internet integrated service providers and one of the internet companies with the most service users in China. Tencent specializes in various internet-related services and products, entertainment, and technology both in China and globally. Tencent also invests in AI by jointly establishing an innovation lab with MediaTek. Its many services include social network, music, e-commerce, smartphones, mobile games, and it started to buy large video game companies, making it also become the largest and most valuable gaming and social media company in the world.
Tencent became Asia's first technology company with $500 billion valuation in November 2017, and its stock price grew 115% in 2017 [1]. The massive user base and investments allow Tencent to maintain its bullish outlook and surpass Facebook in market value. Tencent aims to become the most respected Internet enterprise in the world through enhancing its development and innovation capabilities while expanding its worldwide branding.

Macroeconomic Condition
China's extraordinary growth over the past few decades attracted worldwide in-  Figure 1 and Figure 2.

Company Outlook: WeChat
The main strength of the company is the mobile chat service WeChat. Almost The historical data shows that China has lower GDP growth rate than United States, which benefits the business expansions and investments in the China.   As a communication tool, WeChat offers everything from free video calls and group chats to subscriptions updates and easy sharing of large multimedia files.
WeChat also has the same functions as Instagram, for the users can also post their daily photos on the moments to share moods with friends. Tencent has the largest Internet community, to be more specific, the combined users of QQ and WeChat is almost a billion. WeChat not only promotes people to communicate with playful stickers but also change people's lifestyles with a wide range of applications, like food delivery, travel bookings, online shopping, and even public services. In addition to the conveniences that WeChat has dedicated to providing, WeChat plays a significant role in financial services in China, and e-commerce is one of the most important drivers of the economy. Over half of WeChat users have been convinced to link their bank cards to the app and save their fingerprint as password, and this unique approach promotes people to use one app that offers them an effortless way to integrate multiple services into a single digital identity. A remarkable innovation based on this financial service is a "red packet", inspired by the Chinese tradition that friends and family usually give cash in a red envelope to young children as greeting gifts. It is brilliant to even add "red packet" with gaming functions that people can bind together into groups to send and get money from each other randomly. The data shows that over 400 m users sent over 50 billion packets of digital cash during Chinese New Year [2].

Company Outlook: Tencent Games
As the world's largest video games company by revenue, Tencent makes great achievements in gaming industry and release popular games every year. Video games impact the economy more than we think, especially when we are in the technology era. The entertainment side of the software world is expanding remarkably faster than other segments of the economy, because people nowadays place much more value on entertainment. Global eSports industry is growing at the rate of 30% in 2017 [3]. The entertainment software industry generates $108.9 billion in game revenues in 2017, which represents a 7.8% increase from the year before (Emma, 2017). Now Tencent aims to introduce Chinese games globally, and Tencent has invested to form a special team specifically dedicated to expanding local games in foreign markets. Tencent is also famous for being the world's biggest investment corporation, and it has made several big move- In 2017, Tencent's quarterly profit got a huge boost from the success of its game Honor of Kings and an assist from advertising revenues. China's largest corporation reported a 70% surge in net income to a record $2.7 billion for the three months ended June, and sales rose 59% to $8.5 billion.
Tencent's market valuation grows at remarkable rates every year. Strong growth potential in advertising and e-commerce has contributed to the surging revenue growth.
Though Tencent will release its Q4 and annual report on 21 March 16, 2018, its stock price is expected to continue to rise based on its historical performances. As we mentioned before, mobile game growth and digital payment is strong, which lead to no signs of slow down or deterioration in 2018.

Company Outlook: Online Advertisement
Starting in 2017, Tencent experience robust expansion in advertising business through WeChat, QQ, and mobile games. In order to more precisely target customers with their interests, Tencent upgraded advertising systems in WeChat moments to post different advertisements based on individual's interest. With a billion users, Tencent can easily dominate Chinese digital advertising. Tencent is one of the pioneers in social advertising, for it is patient enough to first build a giant media business with QQ and WeChat before focusing on the advertising role. Although Tencent's slice of the online advertisement pie is small (showed in Figure 3), comparing to Google, Facebook and Alibaba, it is growing at the fastest rate. According to researches, Tencent's revenue can achieve doubling to $11.5 billion by 2019.

Overseas Investments
Tencent's foreign media expansion is significant. First, the latest announcement that Spotify will partner with Tencent's music in a deal that two companies buy minority in each other. Second, Tencent also purchased roundly 10% stake in Snap at the end of 2017. Many social media platforms are blocked in China; hence the cooperation with Tencent will bring Snapchat great opportunity with the growing base of smart phones and advanced 4G and 5G networks in China.
Many noticeable investments occur in 2017, including a 5% stake in Tesla, a 5% stake in Activision Blizzard, and a 15% stake in Glu Mobile. These investments are all very new, and the long-term profits will gradually increase Tencent's market value, which will be reflected on the stock price.

Growth Rate
Though growth rates vary each year, Tencent's sales revenue continues to grow annually at a positive rate. Sales for the third quarter in 2017 reached $9.8 billion (The revenues in graph is in yuan value), and the revenue in 2018 Q1 is predicted to grow as showed in Figure 4. During 2015, there is a huge jump in growth rate because of the success of Honor of Kings, which has an estimated 200 million monthly players.

Stock Price
Over the past five years, Tencent stock price has been doubled from 200 to 400 Hong Kong dollars, which now has immense potential to become the leading  internet company. 44 analysts from CNN Money team offer a 12-month price forecasts for Tencent, and the median estimates predicts a +2.65% increase from the last price $58.9.
In addition, Tencent is currently rank #2 Buy and earns an "A" grade for growth rate estimates based on Zacks Consensus Estimates, and this rating has held steady since February [7].

Comparison
I compare Tencent's 3-year stock performance with technology benchmark and other top four competitors. Clearly, Tencent has better performance than the technology industry, and the whole technology industry shows a long-term growing trend, which is also a positive sign for Tencent Company. Though Tencent is little bit behind the Amazon due to different business domains, Tencent is far ahead than its potential competitors, like Baidu, Facebook, Twitter, and Alibaba as showed in Figure 5.

Conclusions
The following graphs compare the prices multipliers that are commonly used to determine the equity values of each company. Tencent evidently has higher price-to-earnings, price-to-sales, price-to-cash flow, and price-to-book ratios than the technology industry and its competitors as showed in Table 1.
Tencent did not have any sell rating in the past two years, which is one of the best performances among over the past decades as showed in Table 2.
Tencent's per-share earnings also show an increasing trend, and its earnings per share are expected to increase from $0.27 to $0.31 in 2018 first quarter.   The data from Bloomberg estimates Tencent's 5-year trend. Though the growth in net income, sales and revenue varies, it is always a growth sign. More importantly, earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization increase every year, which is a positive sign of investing.