Electronically-Controllable Grounded-Capacitor-Based Grounded and Floating Inductance Simulated Circuits Using VD-DIBAs Data

New Voltage Differencing Differential Input Buffered Amplifier (VD-DIBA) based lossless grounded and floating inductance simulation circuits have been proposed. The proposed grounded simulated inductance circuit employs a single VD-DIBA, one floating resistance and one grounded capacitor. The floating simulated inductance (FI) circuits employ two VD-DIBAs with two passive components (one floating resistance and one grounded capacitor). The circuit for grounded inductance does not require any realization conditions where as in case of floating inductance circuits, a single matching condition is needed. Simulation results demonstrating the applications of the new simulated inductors using CMOS VD-DIBAs have been included to confirm the workability of the new circuits.


The Proposed New Configuration
The schematic symbol and equivalent model of the VD-DIBA (−) are shown in Figures 1(a) and (b) respectively [29].The model of VD-DIBA (−) includes two controlled sources: the current source controlled by differen- , with the transconductance g m , and the voltage source controlled by differential voltage , with the unity voltage gain.The VD-DIBA (−) can be described by the following set of equations: The proposed grounded and floating inductance circuits are shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 respectively.A routine analysis of the circuit shown in Figure 2 results in the following expression for the input impedance The circuit, thus, simulates a grounded inductance with the inductance value given by On the other hand, analysis of the new FI circuits shown in Figures 3(a which proves that the circuits simulate a floating lossless inductance with the inductance value given by The proposed CMOS implementation of VD-DIBA (−) is shown in Figure 4.The CMOS VD-DIBA (−) is implemented using 0.35 µm MIETEC real transistor model which are listed in Table 1.Aspect ratios of transistors used are given in Table 2.

Non-Ideal Analysis and Sensitivity Performance
Let R z and C z denote the parasitic resistance and parasitic capacitance of the Z-terminal.Taking into account the non-idealities of the VD-DIBA (−), namely , where and Table 1.CMOS process parameters.
From the above, a non-ideal equivalent circuit of the grounded inductor is derivable which is shown in Figure 5.

Where
From the above, the sensitivities of L with respect to various active and passive elements are found to be similarly, for the circuit shown in Figures 3(a) and (b) for , the input-output currents and voltages relationships are given by: The non-ideal equivalent circuit of floating inductors of Figures 3(a) and (b) derivable from Equation ( 8) is shown in Figure 6.

Simulation Results of the New Proposed Grounded/Floating Inductance Configurations
The workability of the proposed simulated inductors has been verified by realizing a band pass filter (BPF) as shown in Figures 7 and 8.
The transfer function realized by this configuration is given by from where it is seen that bandwidth and centre frequency are independently tunable, the former by R simulated floating inductor (Figure 10) the inductance value also remains constant up to 1 MHz.
To verify the theoretical analysis of the application circuits shown in Figures 7 and 8, they have also been simulated using CMOS-based VD-DIBA (−) as shown in (which can be maintained by taking V B1 = −1.5V).The VD-DIBA was biased with ±2 volts D.C. power supplies with In this case, bandwidth is tunable by R 1 whereas centre frequency can be tuned by C 1 .
10 A V g   Performance of the new simulated inductors was verified by SPICE simulations.CMOS-based VD-DIBA (−) (as shown in Figure 4) was used to determine the frequency responses of the grounded and floating simulated inductors.The following values were used for grounded inductor: and for the floating inductor: The above described results, thus, confirm the validity of the application of the proposed grounded and floating simulated inductance circuits.A comparison of the various salient features of the proposed configurations as compared to other previous y known grounded and FI . From the frequency response of the simulated grounded inductor (Figure 9) it has been observed that the inductance value remains constant up to 1 MHz.Similarly, from the frequency response of the  simulators has been included in Table 3.

Conclusions
New circuits of lossless grounded and floating inductance have been proposed employing VD-DIBAs.The proposed grounded inductance circuit employs only one VD-DIBA (−), one resistor and one grounded capacitor and does not require any component matching condition.
On the other hand, the two floating inductance configurations each using two VD-DIBAs (−), one resistor and one grounded capacitor, need only a single realization condition for floatation.The SPICE simulation results have confirmed the workability of the new propositions as well as the suggested application examples using them.The problem of realizing any new single VD-DI-BAbased FI configuration using a single grounded capacitor and without requiring any matching condition appears to be an interesting problem which is open to be investigated.

Figure 5 .
Figure 5. Non-ideal equivalent circuit of grounded inductor of Figure 2.

Figure 6 . Non-ideal equivalent circuit of floating inductor of Figure 3 Figure 7 .
Figure 6.Non-ideal equivalent circuit of floating inductor of Figure 3.

R 1 mg
2 and the latter by any of R 1 ,  0.1 nF C  and C 1 .The transfer function realized by configuration shown in Figure8is given by

Figure 11 ,
Figures 12(a) and (b) show the simulated filter responses of the BP filters.

Table 3 . Comparison with other previously published grounded and floating inductors.
* F = Floating, G = Grounded.