Resonance Raman spectroscopy of red blood cells using lie algebraic technique

Raman spectra of oxygenated and deoxygenated functional erythrocytes are calculated by using Lie algebraic technique. The results are obtained by this method is accuracy with the experimental data. So, the algebraic techniques are appropriate to the Raman spectra of red blood cells.


INTRODUCTION
To maintain resonance with the rapid development of sophisticated experimental approaches, theoretical physics has been constantly tested to provide a collection of satisfactory models that can account for the experimental observations [1][2][3][4]. Characterizing these experimental data is equally important for understanding the dynamics of chemical reactions and structure of these molecules. The model is based on the idea of dynamical symmetry, which is expressed through the language of Lie algebras. Applying algebraic techniques, we obtain an effective Hamiltonian operator that conveniently describes the rotational vibrational degrees of freedom of the physical system.
The algebraic model (Vibron model) was originally developed for diatomic and tri-atomic molecules [5][6][7][8]. It is to be pointed out that the U (4) model becomes complicated when the number of atoms in a molecule increases more than four. The Vibron model was applied successfully in describing the overtone frequencies of linear and bent X 2 Y molecules. Later, it was extended to linear and quasi-linear tetratomic molecules and could prove itself to be a competitive one to the traditional analysis. The main features and basic applications of these methods have been described by Iachello and Levine and Oss [9]. The brief review of the research work done in this field up to 2000 and its perspectives in the first part of 21st century was presented by Iachello and Oss [10]. Lie algebraic approach was found to be successful in our study of vibrational frequencies of HCN, HCCF, HCCD, tetrahedral and Porphyrins molecules [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20].
In this paper, we have calculated the vibrational energy levels of oxygenated and deoxygenated functional erythrocytes at 785 nm for 15 vibrational bands by using Lie algebraic mode Hamiltonian.

An Algebraic Techniques
First, The algebraic theory of polyatomic molecules consists in the separate quantization of rotations and vibrations in terms of vector coordinates r 1 , r 2 , r 3 ,··· quantized through the algebra j ij i j V s s k s s  Interaction of the type Equation (6) can be taken into account in the algebraic approach by introducing two terms [9].One of these terms is the Casimir operator, C ij , of the combined     The operator C ij is diagonal and the vibrational quantum numbers ν i have been used instead of m i . In practical calculations, it is sometime convenient to substract from C ij a contribution that can be absorbed in the Casimir operators of the individual modes i and j, thus considering an operator whose matrix elements are The second term is the Majorana operator, M ij . This operator has both diagonal and off-diagonal matrix elements The Majorana operators M ij annihilâtes one quantum of vibration in bond i and create one in bond j, or vice versa.
The total Hamiltonian for n stretching vibrations is If λ ij = 0 the vibrations have local behavior. As the λ ij increase, one goes more and more into normal vibrations.
By inspection of the figure, one can see that two types of interactions in the molecule: 1) First-neighbor couplings (Adjacent interactions); 2) Second-neighbor couplings (Opposite interactions). The symmetry-adapted operators of molecule with symmetry D 4h are those corresponding to these two couplings, that is, The total Majorana operator S is the sum dence [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] with the anharmonicities parameters x e by means of ergies corresponding to symmetric and antisymmetric combinations of the different local mode.

OPEN ACCESS
We can rewrite the Equation (13) as The initial guess for λ can be obtained by A numerical fitting procedure is adopted to adjust the parameters A and λ starting from the values above and A′ whose initial guess can be zero. The complete calculation data in stretching and bending modes are presented in Table 1 and the corresponding algebraic parameters are presented in Table 2.
Now, for a blood cell molecule, we have the values of ω e and ω e x e for the distinct bonds (say CH, CC, CD, CN etc) from the study of K. Nakamoto [21] and that of K. P. Huber and G. Herzberg [22]. Using the values of ω e and ω e x e for the bond CH/CC we can have the initial guess for the value of the vibron number N.

CONCLUSIONS
Depending on the specific molecular structure N i can vary between ±20% of the original value. The vibron number N between the diatomic molecules C-H and C-C are 44 and 140 respectively. Since the bonds are equivalent, the value of N is kept fixed. This is equivalent to change the single-bond anharmonicity according to the specific molecular environment, in which it can be slightly different.
Using the algebraic model for local to normal transition here we presented a study of Raman spectra of Oxynated and Deoxynated red blood cell molecules. On the basis of the results reported here, we have the conclusion of our study as follows: In the study of resonance Raman spectra of Oxynated red blood cell molecule for 16 vibrational bands we obtain Δ (r.m.s) as 7.7892 cm -1 . Again the energy expression for the single-oscillator in fundamental mode is In the study of resonance Raman spectra of Deoxynated red blood cell molecule for 16 vibrational bands we obtain Δ (r.m.s) as 10.623 cm -1 .
Using improved set of algebraic parameters, the RMS deviation we reported in this study for Oxynated and In the present case we have three and six different en- Table 1. Comparison between experimental and calculated resonance Raman bands of oxynated and deoxynated cells (cm −1 ).

Oxynated
Deoxynated   Table 2. Values e of the algebraic parameters used in the calculation of red blood cell molecule.
Oxynated red blood cell Deoxynated red blood cell molecule is lying near about the experimental accuracy. Using only four algebraic parameters, the RMS deviation we reported in this study for red blood cell molecule are good fit. Percentage error corresponding to each of the calculated vibrational energy levels of red blood cell we reported in this study is practically zero. We hope that this work will stimulate further research in analysis of resonance Raman spectra of isotopes of other red blood cell molecules where the algebraic approach has not been applied so far. The research work concern is in progress, which is one can also discuss the spectroscopic properties and isotopes effects of red blood cell molecules with this algebraic Hamiltonian.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The author Srinivasa Rao Karumuri also would like to thank The Department of Science & Technology, New Delhi, India, for providing the financial assistance for this study. The author is very thankful to the anonymous referee of this paper for valuable suggestions and comments, which greatly helped to improve the quality of this paper.