Application and Effect of Intelligent Disinfection Robot in Non-Negative Pressure Isolation Ward of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Designated Hospital

The application of intelligent disinfection robot in designated non-negative pressure isolation ward during the outbreak in novel coronavirus pneumonia. The construction and competition, disinfection mode of intelligent disinfection robot, the setting of disinfection point built on area and number of isolation ward, can be introduced below. Frequency can realize remote control when staff uses a table to give instruction and set disinfection mode, and then the intelligent disinfection robot returns automatically to the charging pile to charge when the instruction is completed. It can also autonomously move to sterilize without human participation, which makes man-machine separation and accurate disinfection come true. The chance of contact infection and exposure is decreased when an intelligent disinfection robot is used to sterilize the environment and object surface in an isolation ward, which can also reduce occupational exposure, achieve occupational protection of medical workers and ensure there is no hospital infection.


Introduction
Novel coronavirus pneumonia (hereinafter referred to as COVID-19) [ and asymptomatic carriers. The primary way that COVID-19 appears to spread is by exhaled droplets and contact infection, and aerosol transmission is possible when exposed to high concentration aerosol in a relatively closed environment for a long time [1]. Fever, fatigue, dry cough, shortness of breath, runny nose, cough, chest tightness and other cold-like and respiratory-related symptoms are common, but digestive symptom such as diarrhea also can appear, which makes the crowd generally susceptible. COVID-19 has been incorporated into category B infectious disease stipulated by the Law of the PRC on the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, which is prevented, controlled and managed to adopt Isolation treatment according to category A infectious disease.
As one of the Third-class hospitals with the ability to treat patients with COVID-19 infection in Guangdong Province, the general ward in our hospital has been converted into a non-negative pressure isolation ward from January 20, 2020. All settings are based on the requirements of isolation ward: strictly according to the clean area, buffer zone, contaminated area, medical staff passage, patients channel, which is divided into three zones and two passages. The divisions are specific and the logo is clear. There are 16 wards with 34 beds in the inpatient area. 108 suspected patients and 22 confirmed patients have been admitted, 76 men and 32 women are covered aged 4 months to 80 years since 22 January.
In strict accordance with the Regulation of Disinfection Technique in Healthcare Settings, The isolation wards clean and disinfect medical apparatus and instruments, contaminated articles, object surface, ground surface, etc. Air disinfection is also carried out according to the Management Specification of Air Cleaning Technique in Hospitals. The common problem facing provinces and cities across the country is a lack of materials under the severe outbreak [2].
In order to ensure the accurate and efficient completion of all disinfection measures in the isolation ward, savings in manpower and materials and safety protection for frontline health workers, the intelligent disinfection robot developed by Shanghai Taimi Robot Technology Co. Ltd has been introduced into the ward to sterilize the isolation ward since February 1. It not only achieves disinfection effect, alleviates the human resources of nurses, reduces the working pressure of nurses, effectively controls the supply of protective materials, ensures the supply of protective materials to some extent, but also reduces exposure of frontline health workers, especially nurses, guarantee the personal safety of frontline health workers and achieves the goal of zero infection among medical staff.

The Components of Disinfection Robot
Consists of four parts. The first is the robot charging pile, the second is the robot part, which is the whole core part, the third is the router that provides the net-

A Variety of Disinfection Modes
Basic disinfection mode + combined with a variety of disinfection modes, can reach a high level of disinfection. The disinfection modes of disinfection robot include gasification of hydrogen peroxide, ultraviolet disinfection, air filtration purification, gasification of hydrogen peroxide + ultraviolet + air filtration purification, gasification of hydrogen peroxide+ ultraviolet radiation and other basic disinfection modes that can be freely combined. There are also manual disinfection modes under particular circumstances, which can deal with various high, medium and low level disinfection effects in hospital multi-environment.

Gasification of Hydrogen Peroxide
Hydrogen peroxide is a strong oxidant whose aqueous solution is commonly

Low Ozone Ultraviolet Lamp Group
Equipped with 9 25W low ozone ultraviolet lamp tubes, the disinfection robot can achieve 70 uw/cm 2 irradiannce at least, and it is 6 -8 times greater than the radiation power of ordinary ultraviolet lamp. When the robot starts to work, the lamp protection board opens, the top of it rises and 9 ultraviolet lamp tubes are exposed at the same time to begin to disinfect. The ultraviolet lamp tube shrinks and the protection board closes when the ultraviolet lamp tube is not working.

Plasma Air Purification
There are 2 plasma air purification modules on the side of the robot, which can provide plasma air disinfection and air purification, and a PM2.5 replaceable filter is placed in the filter panel.

Remote Control
The staff gives instructions on the tablet computer and then the robot reaches the designated place to conduct the disinfection work according to the set disinfection mode. They do not need to enter the contaminated area, and the task can be completed by real-time monitoring robot on the tablet computer.

Self-Charging
A robot is equipped with a charging pile, which is installed in the nurse station according to their own installation conditions and the working requirements of the isolation ward. As long as meeting power supply and accessibility these two conditions, the charging pile can be installed. The charging pile can be plugged into the power supply at any time in the state of charging reserve. After the power is insufficient or the task is completed, the robot will automatically return to the charging pile through machine vision and the set route for charging.

Regular and Fixed Disinfection
Patients in the isolation ward are confined to the ward for isolation, whose scope of activity, movement [3] and getting around is restricted. The work in the isolation ward is characterized by intensiving treatment and nursing work to reduce the staff's stay in the ward. Therefore, the public area of the isolation ward is only where medical staff is walking. It is easier to set a fixed frequency according to the working characteristics of the ward to sterilize the fixed point. Usually every noon, evening, early morning these three periods during the whole day are periods of low turnover in the ward, so rugular time for disinfection is fixed at twelve at noon, at eight o'clock in the evening and two o'clock in the morning.
Disinfection mode is set to ultraviolet lamp irradiation disinfection and 7.5% hydrogen peroxide spray disinfection. The disinfection site is high-frequency point of use: nurse station (two points), treatment room, corridor (12 points). 6 points are disinfected at noon and each point is exposure to ultraviolet light for 30 minutes. 12 points are disinfected at evening and 12 points are disinfected at wee hours, and each point is exposure to 7.5% hydrogen peroxide spray 10 ml/m 3 for 60 minutes.

Sterilize at Any
Time 80 -120 ml perchloric acid spray is used as long as people exist for 60 minutes once in the morning and once in the afternoon.

Terminal Disinfection
High-level terminal disinfection with 7.5% hydrogen peroxide spray 10 ml/m 3 and ultraviolet lamp irradiation are used for 60 minutes, closed for 2 hours.

Personnel Training
The training is carried out in the clean area of the ward because of the risk of exposure and many inconveniences in the contaminated area of the isolation ward. First, the robot factory technician understands the structure and function of the ward according to the plan of the ward, and calculates the overall area of the ward, the area of the room, the length of the corridor, and the area. Technicians select a robot and a tablet computer that can receive good signal and the router is placed in a fixed, not easily occluded and alive position. Method of simulation training is used for training to ensure everyone gets it and there is a on-spot examination after training.

Disinfection and Maintenance of the Robot
The robot is made of corrosion-resistant smooth non-metallic material. The surface of machine is disinfected and wiped with the chlorine containing disinfectant twice a day, and the filter panel is removed and cleaned weekly ( Figure 2).

Discussion
Personal protective articles should be used correctly and scientifically, which are   At present, artificial intelligence is more and more widely used in nursing field. Intelligent nursing with high technological content is one of the ways to satisfy the needs of people about nursing service. It can not only meet the needs of patients for high quality nursing care, improve nursing level, but also reduce the nursing staff's working intensity and regulate the distribution of nursing human resource which alleviates the shortage of personnel and the uneven distribution of resources to a certain extent but it's also a new challenge for nursing researchers and managers [4]. Open Journal of Nursing zero infection rates. The problem of limited use of medical protective equipment resources caused by the increasingly prominent contradiction between supply and demand of medical protective equipment is solved with the introduction of robots. If an intelligent robot is engaged in disinfection work, the workload of medical staff can be alleviated. Medical workers are liberated from the heavy disinfection work and they can spend more time on patients, which can truly embody the concept of people-oriented. It can also save human costs and prevention and control supplies resources.