Effects of Sulfur and Manganese Micronutrients on the Yield of Soybean Varieties

In this article, it is given about lengthening of praxis period, stem and leaf growth, leaf surface, number of stems and weight than the control variant soybean varieties, and the yield and grain quality of soybean varieties are significantly higher when the three types of sulfur and manganese on background of mineral fertilizers are applied in suspension in the condition of meadow-swamp soil. In the soybean varieties, mineral fertilizers were used in the variant with an additional yield of around 5 - 12 c/ha compared to the control. According to the norms of the manganese element, around 7 - 20 c/ha; when using sulfur, the yield in soybean varieties is around 8.0 - 18.0 c/ha. On the background of mineral fertilizers, grain quality has changed due to micronutrients. Protein content in the “Orzu” variety increased by 3.1% -8.4% when manganese and sulfur elements were used; in the “Nafis” variety, the protein content was found to increase by 6.1% - 8.5%.


Introduction
Nowadays, when protein deficiency is prevalent all over the world, the protein richness of soybean grains, and the presence of all the amino acids in the protein content are particular importance, and useful for humans, and it is further increasing the nutritional value of soybeans. It should be noted that the advantage of soybean can be compared with a number of foods in terms of richness in lysine, methionine, arginine, leucine and other essential amino acids. In many Due to the positive biological properties of soybeans in the country, special attention is paid to the norms of sowing, norms of mineral fertilizers in the creation and improvement of technology for growing soybeans. Soybean cultivation requires scientific research on the efficient use of water and land resources to obtain additional crops, with a strong emphasis on micronutrients, stimulants, growth regulators. Soybeans contain 30% -52% protein, 17% -27% oil and 20% carbonated water. The high prevalence of soybean in the world is related to the quality of grain and protein. The amount and proportion of protein, oil and other important organic and mineral substances in the grain allow it to be used in various industries. Soybean grain is used to make butter, margarine, cheese, milk, flour, confectionery and canned food. Soybean oil amounts to 40% of the world's vegetable oil production [1].
In Uzbekistan, according to several government decisions, the area under soybeans is being expanded; yields are increasing; our national varieties are being created and foreign varieties are being introduced. Scientific and practical work on soybean varieties is being carried out in different soil and climatic conditions of Uzbekistan. Tashkent State Agrarian University is preparing special workforces in soybean cultivation.

Literature Review
Micronutrients optimize plant nutrition, increase resistance to stress, stimulate growth [2]. If manganese, barium and molybdenum are not enough, seeds will not form in the pods. At the beginning of the growing season, molybdenum and barium have a positive effect on the plant [3]. Such cases are also observed in the soybean plant [4]. According to the biological potential of modern soybean varieties, it is possible to grow 3.5 -4.4 t/ha of seeds, but in practice this is very difficult to achieve [5]. In order to get a yield of 30 c/per hectare, it is necessary to apply mineral fertilizers at the rate of P 90 K 60 . The effectiveness of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers under irrigated conditions depends on the water supply, when applied in moderation, the yield is 34 -36 c/ha above the soybean.
When legume crops are fed in symbiosis with nitrogen, the demand for phosphorous and potassium fertilizers increases significantly [5].
Micronutrients are relatively poorly received by the soybean plant as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and manganese. Nevertheless, their importance is not small, the lack of micro elements in the soil slows down the growth rate of the plant, the yield is reduced. Deficiency of micronutrients increases the resistance of soybean plants to diseases. When fully supplied with micronutrients, the number of flowers and fruits in plants increases that, ensures budding, the main part of phosphorus is absorbed from mowing and branching, the main part of potassium is assimilated during budding and grain filling. Mineral fertilizers play an important role in soybean cultivation technology [8]. When growing soybean without fertilizer, the yield was 16.9 c/ha per hectare, the protein content was 35.7%. When N 60 P 60 K 60 was applied per hectare, it was found that the grain yield was 21.9 c/ha and the protein content was 39.3%. It was noted that due to mineral fertilizers, the yield of soy increased by 1.2 -4.9 c/ha [8] [9].
Effective methods of feeding soybean yield should be used. Iron is a component of chlorophyll and is important in respiration and photosynthesis. In iron deficiency, chlorophyll production stops abruptly. The interstices of young leaves turn yellow. As the deficit increases, the leaf veins also turn yellow and the leaf turns completely white. Brown spots appear on the edges of the leaves.
Iron deficiency is common in soils with a soil environment pH greater than 7.
Soybean varieties have different approaches to iron deficiency. In resistant varieties, the assimilation of iron begins with the root system, and in a well-developed

Experimental Methods and Conditions
The

Results
On the background of mineral fertilizers, micronutrients affected the growth, development, yield formation and grain quality of soybean varieties. Under the influence of micro elements, the praxis period of soybean varieties is extended. Under the influence of the element sulfur, the praxis period was extended to 4 -5 days ( Table 1).
The "Nafis" variety lasted 124 -130 days. It was found that the application period was extended by 2 -6 days due to macro and micro fertilizers.
In the experiment, when the manganese was used in small amounts in the "Orzu" variety, the stem height was 116.4 cm, which was 14.9 cm higher than the control variant; the stem height was 121.8 cm when the manganese medium was applied and 20.3 cm higher than the control, and 120.3 cm when used at the high standard, which was 18.8 cm higher than the control variant; when the sulfur microelement was used in small doses, the stem height was 112.4 cm, which was 10.9 cm higher than the control variant. It was found that the height of the stem was 13.1 cm higher when the medium sulfur element was used and 16.6 cm when the high standard was used. In the control variant of the soybean variety "Nafis", the height of the stem was 150.0 cm. In the variant where mineral fertilizers were applied, the stem height was 156.8 cm, which was 6.8 cm higher than the control. In the experiment, it was observed that when manganese was used in small doses, the stem height was 162.3 cm, which was 12.3 cm higher than the control variant; when manganese was used in moderation, the stem height was 164.5 cm, which was 14.5 cm higher than the control, and when used in high norm, the stem height was 163.3 cm, which was 16.3 cm higher than the control variant; when sulfur was used sparingly, the stem height was 159.7 cm, which was 9.7 cm higher than the control. When the sulfur element was used in moderation, the stem height was 163.6 cm, an increase of 13.6 cm compared to the control. When high levels of sulfur were used, the stem height decreased slightly to 161.2 cm, which was 11.2 cm higher than the control.  amount. When the tubers are large, the symbiosis goes well and this helps to increase the nitrogen and organic matter in the soil. In the control variant by variety in the legume phase, the tubers weight was 1.77 -2.28 grams, which was 0.11 -0.07 grams higher than in the background of mineral fertilizers. It was found that due to micronutrients, the weight of the tubers increased by 0.1 -0.35 grams when the manganese element was used, and by 0.09 -0.37 grams when the sulfur element was used ( Table 1).
The studied mineral fertilizers as a background and the norms of manganese and sulfur elements from micronutrients affected the yield of soybean varieties. When the manganese element was added to the background variant in the medium, the grain yield was 10.6 c/ha higher than the control and 5.3 c/ha higher than the background variant. When manganese was used in high doses, the grain yield was found to be 9.3 c/ha higher than the control variant and 4.0 c/ha higher than the background variant. The sulfur element yielded 29.8 c/ha when used in small amounts, which was 8.7 c/ha more than the control variant and 3.4 c/ha more than the background variant. It was found that when the sulfur element was used in mid-norm, the yield was 10.6 c/ha higher than the control variant and 5.3 c/ha higher than the background variant (  compared to the background variant. When the element manganese was used in high doses, the protein content of the grain was 44.6% -47.1%, which was 5.8% -8.5% higher than the control variant and 4.2% -5.7% higher than the background variant. It was found that the content of protein in the Orzu variety increased by 4.2% -8.4% according to the norms when using the element sulfur. In the Nafis variety, the protein content increased by 6.1% -8.0% compared to the control variant. The patterns are not the same in varieties due to the biological properties of these varieties and the demand of the varieties for the element sulfur (Table 3).

Conclusions
1) Mineral fertilizers and micronutrients affect the development of soybean varieties; the praxis period of soybean varieties is extended by 1 -2 days in exchange for mineral fertilizers, 4 -6 days in exchange for manganese and sulfur elements; 2) Mineral fertilizers and micronutrients affected the growth of soybean varieties; mineral fertilizers had a positive effect on the growth of both varieties, ensuring the growth of stem growth by 6 -6.8 cm. It was found that the stem height of soybean varieties in exchange for the element manganese was in the range of 11 -20 cm, and in the range of 10 -17 cm in exchange for sulfur; 3) It was noted that when using the manganese element, the leaf surface was 5.7 -8.6 thousand m 2 /ha compared to the control variant, and 5.7 -9.4 thousand m 2 /ha in exchange for the sulfur element; 4) The number of tubers on soybean varieties increased by 2.2 -22.3 pieces due to mineral fertilizers, manganese; and it was found that the number of tubers by varieties increased by 2.7 -18.1 in exchange for the sulfur element; 5) In the soybean varieties, mineral fertilizers were used in the variant with an additional yield of around 5 -12 c/ha compared to the control. According to the norms of the manganese element, around 7 -20 c/ha; when using sulfur, the yield in soybean varieties is around 8.0 -18.0 c/ha;  6) On the background of mineral fertilizers, grain quality has changed due to micronutrients. Protein content in the "Orzu" variety increased by 3.1% -8.4% when manganese and sulfur elements were used; in the "Nafis" variety, the protein content was found to increase by 6.1% -8.5%.