Center for Cumulative Trauma Studies, Stone Mountain, USA
University of Massachusetts, Amherst, USA
University of Massachusetts, Amherst, USA
Drexel University, Philadelphia, USA
Copyright © 2014 Ibrahim A. Kira, Linda Lewandowski, Lisa Chiodo, Arwa Ibrahim et al. This is
an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any
medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
How to Cite this Article
Kira, I. , Lewandowski, L. , Chiodo, L. & Ibrahim, A. (2014). Advances in Systemic Trauma Theory: Traumatogenic Dynamics and Consequences of Backlash as a Multi-Systemic Trauma on Iraqi Refugee Muslim Adolescents.
Psychology, 5, 389-412. doi:
10.4236/psych.2014.55050.