B. T. LESBAYEV ET AL.
OPEN ACCESS MSCE
black is used as a filler in nanocomposite materials. In
this paper, the task of creating hydrophobic sand based
soot having superhydrophobic properties resulting from
the combustion of propane and plastic wastes. This
problem is closely related to the study of the conditions
of formation of soot having hydrophobic properties dur-
ing combustion of propane and plastic waste. Industrial
manufacturing methods of carbon black based on the
decomposition of hydrocarbons under the influence of
high temperatures, soot formation occurs in some cases
in a flame of burning material with limited access to air,
in others—by thermal decomposition of materials in the
absence of soot combustion air Preparation materials
with limited access of air is essentially in two methods.
According to the most popular method for raw materials
are burned in furnaces, burners equipped with various
devices.
Soot formed in the flame for a certain time (about 6
seconds) is together with the gaseous products of the
process in the high temperature zone. Thereafter, the
mixture was cooled gases and carbon black and carbon
black is separated from the gases in special apparatuses.
By the second method, raw materials are burned with
burners using a narrow slit, mounted in metal casings.
Flat flame was connected with the moving metal surfaces.
The time of contact of the flame with the surface is
slightly. The precipitated on a metal surface black
quickly removed from the area of soot formation. The
formation of soot particles can be suspended at a certain
level, interrupting the process of its formation. Superhy-
drophobic properties of soot having applications to create
a hydrophobic of sand were prepared using the above
principle by the deposition of soot particles on a cold
surface, placing it at a certain height of the flame. The
photo setup is shown in Figure 1. The principle of the
device is based on the deposition of soot particles from
the flame on the surface of iron spinning cylinder. A cy-
linder made of stainless steel, 12.5 cm diameter 13.5 cm
Figure 1. The photo of the experimental setup.
height, the speed of 1/sec, the number of nozzles at the
burner 7 having a diameter of 2 mm, the flow rate of ga-
seous feed carbon was 425 - 500 cm3/min.
For polyethylene plastic waste flame was placed in a
sealed rector and was thermally decomposed without air
at a temperature of 900 - 970 K. The decomposition of
polyethylene produced easily condensable gas white col-
or, which, when ignited, burns sustained smoky flame.
On the surface of the iron cylinder is soot deposition
thickness of 1 - 1.2 mm. A method for producing super-
hydrophobic soot proposed method is described in detail
in [3].
Technology of production of hydrophobic sand in-
volves several stages. First of all, on the surface of the
sand applied adhesive, the next step is to process a hy-
drophobic carrier. This is followed by curing. Sand of the
river was used. As adhesive polyurethane adhesive
SD-600, which was dissolved in ethyl acetate was used.
The content of the adhesive mass is not more than 5% by
weight of the hydrophobic sand. The adhesive layer ap-
plied on the surface by sand settling polyurethane film
from the solvent. What sand polyurethane adhesive dis-
solved in ethyl acetate and subjected to intensive mixing,
the volatile solvent evaporates and the sand nanosized
film formed of polyurethane. In sand thus obtained is
added 1% superhydrophobic soot resulting mass at 40˚C
- 90˚C stirred at 60 rev/sec for 30 minutes. During the
stirring surface grains of sand with nanoscale film of a
mixture of hydrophobic soot are enveloped.
3. Results
The resulting sand has the exclusive hydrophobic prop-
erty. Figure 2 shows a photograph of the behavior of
water droplets on the surface of the resulting hydrophob-
ic sand. The contact angle of water drops is more than
150 degrees.
Were conducted comparing the characteristics of the
dynamics of water absorption (Figure 3) taken in the
original source sand, sand coated with a polyurethane
film’s surface and the resulting hydrophobic sand.
For comparison, the original source taken from the
sand and the sand coated with the polyurethane absorbs
water immediately and completely wetted. Coating the
surface prepared hydrophobic sand water distributed over
Figure 2. Drops of water on the surface hydrophobic sand.