Chemotherapy is a category of cancer treatment that uses chemical substances, especially one or more antitumor drugs that are given as part of a standardized chemotherapy regimen. Chemotherapy may be given with a curative intent which almost always involves combinations of antitumor drugs, or it may aim to prolong life or to reduce symptoms. By common usage, the term chemotherapy has come to connote the use of rather non-specific intracellular poisons, especially related to inhibiting the process of cell division known as mitosis, and generally excludes agents that more selectively block extracellular growth signals. Importantly, the use of antitumor drugs constitutes “systemic therapy” for cancer in that they are introduced into the blood stream and are therefore in principle able to address cancer at any anatomic location in the body.

In the present book, twelve typical literatures about antitumor drugs published on international authoritative journals were selected to introduce the worldwide newest progress, which contains reviews or original researches on medical science, oncology, chemotherapy, ect. We hope this book can demonstrate advances in antitumor drugs as well as give references to the researchers, students and other related people.