Local Application of Alendronate on β-Tricalcium Phosphate Accelerated Induction of Osteogenesis with Formation of Giant Osteoclast-Like Cell

Chisako Fukuda, Norihiro Akiyama, Mitsuru Takemoto, Shunsuke Fujibayashi, Masashi Neo, Takashhi Nakamura

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan..

DOI: 10.4236/jbnb.2012.32023                

Abstract

Intrinsic osteoinductivity—the ability to induce bone formation in ectopic sites without addition of osteogenic factors has been reported in various porous materials. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive osteoclast-like cells are thought to play an important role in material-induced osteoinduction. To investigate the influence of osteoclastic activity on intrinsic osteoinduction, we loaded alendronate (10^–2 , 10^–4 , and 10^–6 M) onto porous β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) blocks to inhibit osteoclastic activity, and evaluated osteoinductivity by implantation of the blocks into the dorsal muscles of adult beagle dogs. Alendronate-loaded porous β-TCP blocks increased both speed and amount of osteoinduction, as measured 4 weeks after implantation, with the 10^–4 M alendronate-loaded β-TCP being especially active. This finding indicates that β-TCP loaded with 10^–4 M alendronate might prove crucial in providing the desirable balance between the degradation rate of bone scaffolds and their osteoinductive replacement. Thus, material-induced osteoinduction may be controlled by local application of alendronate, establishing alendronate loading as a promising therapeutic approach.

Keywords

Osteoinduction; β-tricalcium Phosphate; Alendronate; Osteoclast; Osteogenesis

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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