Phosphogypsum Processing for Rare Earths Recovery—A Review - Natural Resources

NR > Vol.10 No.9, September 2019

Phosphogypsum Processing for Rare Earths Recovery—A Review ()

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Download as PDF (Size: 708KB) PP. 325-336

DOI: 10.4236/nr.2019.109021 1,203 Downloads 3,217 Views Citations

Author(s)

Xiaosheng Yang¹, Dandara Salvador¹, Hannu Tapani Makkonen¹, Lassi Pakkanen²

Affiliation(s)

¹GTK Mintec, Geological Survey of Finland, Outokumpu, Finland.
²Geological Survey of Finland, Espoo, Finland.

ABSTRACT

As a by-product from the phosphate fertilizer industry Phosphogypsum (PG) was considered a potentially valuable source of the rare earth elements (REEs). Because of trace concentration of REEs in the PG (normally <0.1% wt) and also their tiny and complex occurrence phases the recovery process would be highly challenging in both technology and economy. The studies on occurrences of REEs, REE recovery by physical methods and leaching using different lixiviants such as inorganic acids, H₂SO₄, HCl and HNO₃, and organic chemicals, the effects of mechanical treatment of PG by microwaving and grinding on leaching efficiency of REEs, and resin-in-leach process were reviewed in the paper.

KEYWORDS

Phosphogypsum, Rare Earth Elements, Phases of Rare Earth Elements, Acid Leaching

Share and Cite:

Yang, X. , Salvador, D. , Makkonen, H. and Pakkanen, L. (2019) Phosphogypsum Processing for Rare Earths Recovery—A Review. Natural Resources, 10, 325-336. doi: 10.4236/nr.2019.109021.

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