ABSTRACT
The population urbanization is one of the main routes and objectives of current Chinese urbanization. This paper, a case study in Chongqing, China, based on statistical data analysis and the forecasting of population growth trend, combined with the development law of population urbanization and regional reality, mainly discusses major problems facing the development of China’s population urbanization, economic, social and institutional obstacles to the solution of these problems in the development of population urbanization, and effective ways to promote positive interactions between the population urbanization and the economy, society and space. The analysis reveals that in the process of the population urbanization, due to the large population base, large agricultural population, serious population aging problem and low level of education of population, China’s population urbanization development does not match with economic and social development in objective and pattern; there is a glaring contradiction in industrial upgrading, labor supply, the population migration and relocation. It is necessary to take corresponding strategies in the population urbanization, population management system, labor resources and elderly-care policies, human resource development and economic growth, surplus agricultural population migration and the urban-and-rural development, in order to solve these contradictions and find out real effective ways to achieve positive interaction between the population urbanization and the economic and social development.