Molecular Signature of Influenza A

Raghavendra Krishnappa^1,2, Rajendran Paramasivam^1,2

¹Department of Microbiology, Karpagam University, Coimbatore, India.
²Department of Microbiology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College & Research Institute Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, India.

DOI: 10.4236/oalib.1100979                

Abstract

This research work provides comprehensive meaningful valuable findings from NCBI database for researches to analyze entries of H1N1 strains aiming to design genomic region-specific markers and also for screening the region-specific subtypes. Influenza A viruses are divided into subtypes, based on the nature of their surface glycoproteins, HA and NA. There are 16 different HAs and nine NAs which are distinguishable serologically, and we have sincerely dug NCBI database. We have found 7651 entries of H1N1 strains starting from the year 1918 till 2011 in the NCBI database, most recent entries from past few years includes, 1720 entries in the year 2008, 9112 entries in 2009, 1132 entries in 2010, 733 entries in 2011. Recent past few years has seen a rapid growth in high-throughput technology which has resulted in more entries accounting for 71.93% of the total entries in NCBI H1N1 Genome Database, in that, year 2009 which resulted in pandemic holds 51.62% share of the total H1N1 genome entries. 2009 entries were separated based on region of occurrence which resulted in 89 different regions. The above separation helps the researches for designing region-specific markers for screening the region-specific subtypes. Apart from that researches also get other key information like year of pandemic, subtypes responsible for pandemic, genes and virulence activity, genes functionality which can be used for genotyping.

Keywords

NCBI, Hemagglutinin (HA), Neuraminidase (NA), Subtypes, Primers, PCR and Molecular Screening

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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