Hierarchy of Protein Loop-Lock Structures: A New Server for the Decomposition of a Protein Structure into a Set of Closed Loops

Abstract

HoPLLS (Hierarchy of protein loop-lock structures) (http://leah.haifa.ac.il/~skogan/Apache/mydata1/main.html) is a web server that identifies closed loops-a structural basis for protein domain hierarchy. The server is based on the loop-and-lock theory for structural organisation of natural proteins. We describe this web server, the algorithms for the decomposition of a 3D protein into loops and the results of scientific investigations into a structural “alphabet” of loops and locks.

Share and Cite:

S. Kogan, Z. Frenkel, O. Kupervasser and Z. Volkovich, "Hierarchy of Protein Loop-Lock Structures: A New Server for the Decomposition of a Protein Structure into a Set of Closed Loops," Computational Molecular Bioscience, Vol. 3 No. 1, 2013, pp. 1-8. doi: 10.4236/cmb.2013.31001.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1] I. N. Berezovsky, A. Y. Grosberg and E. N. Trifonov, “Closed Loops of Nearly Standard Size: Common Basic Element of Protein Structure,” FEBS Letters, Vol. 466, No. 2, 2000, pp. 283-286. Hdoi:10.1016/S0014-5793(00)01091-7
[2] I. N. Berezovsky and E. N. Trifonov, “Protein Structure and Folding: A New Start,” Journal of Biomolecular Structure & Dynamics, Vol. 19, No. 3, 2001, pp. 397-403. Hdoi:10.1080/07391102.2001.10506749
[3] I. N. Berezovsky and E. N. Trifonov, “Loop Fold Structure of Proteins: Resolution of Levinthal’s Paradox,” Journal of Biomolecular Structure & Dynamics, Vol. 20, No. 1, 2002, pp. 5-6. Hdoi:10.1080/07391102.2002.10506817
[4] I. N. Berezovsky, V. M. Kirzhner, A. Kirzhner and E. N. Trifonov, “Protein Folding: Looping from Hydrophobic Nuclei,” Proteins-Structure Function and Genetics, Vol. 45, No. 4, 2001, pp. 346-350. Hdoi:10.1002/prot.1155
[5] E. N. Trifonov, A. Kirzhner, V. M. Kirzhner and I. N. Berezovsky, “Distinct Stages of Protein Evolution as Suggested by Protein Sequence Analysis,” Journal of Molecular Evolution, Vol. 53, No. 4-5, 2001, pp. 394-401. Hdoi:10.1007/s002390010229
[6] E. N. Trifonov and I. N. Berezovsky, “Evolutionary Aspects of Protein Structure and Folding,” Current Opinion in Structural Biology, Vol. 13, No. 1, 2003, pp. 110-114. Hdoi:10.1016/S0959-440X(03)00005-8
[7] I. N. Berezovsky, A. Kirzhner, V. M. Kirzhner, V. R. Rosenfeld and E. N. Trifonov, “Protein Sequences Yield a Proteomic Code,” Journal of Biomolecular Structure & Dynamics, Vol. 21, No. 3, 2003, pp. 317-325. Hdoi:10.1080/07391102.2003.10506928
[8] I. N. Berezovsky, A. Kirzhner, V. M. Kirzhner and E. N. Trifonov, “Spelling Protein Structure,” Journal of Biomolecular Structure & Dynamics, Vol. 21, No. 3, 2003, pp. 327-339. Hdoi:10.1080/07391102.2003.10506929
[9] G. Koczyk and I. N. Berezovsky, “Domain Hierarchy and Closed Loops (DHcL): A Server for Exploring Hierarchy of Protein Domain Structure,” Nucleic Acids Research, Vol. 36 Suppl 2, 2008, pp. W239-W245. Hdoi:10.1093/nar/gkn326
[10] I. N. Berezovsky and E. N. Trifonov, “Van Der Waals Locks: Loop-N-Lock Structure of Globular Proteins,” Journal of Molecular Biology, Vol. 307, No. 5, 2001, pp. 1419-1426. Hdoi:10.1006/jmbi.2001.4554
[11] E. Aharonovsky and E. N. Trifonov, “Sequence Structure of Van Der Waals Locks in Proteins,” Journal of Biomolecular Structure & Dynamics, Vol. 22, No. 5, 2005, pp. 545-553. Hdoi:10.1080/07391102.2005.10507024
[12] J. Y. Hsiao, C. Y. Tang and R. S. Chang, “An Efficient Algorithm for Finding a Maximum Weight 2-Independent Set on Interval-Graphs,” Information Processing Letters, Vol. 43, No. 5, 1992, pp. 229-235. Hdoi:10.1016/0020-0190(92)90216-I
[13] I. N. Berezovsky and E. N. Trifonov, “Flowering Buds of Globular Proteins: Transpiring Simplicity of Protein Organization,” Comparative and Functional Genomics, Vol. 3, No. 6, 2002, pp. 525-534. Hdoi:10.1002/cfg.223
[14] Z. M. Frenkel and E. N. Trifonov, “Closed Loops of TIM Barrel Protein Fold,” Journal of Biomolecular Structure & Dynamics, Vol. 22, No. 6, 2005, pp. 643-655. Hdoi:10.1080/07391102.2005.10507032
[15] R. Durbin, S. Eddy, A. Krogh and G. Mitchison, “Biological Sequence Analysis,” Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1998. Hdoi:10.1017/CBO9780511790492
[16] E. N. Trifonov, “The Triplet Code from First Principles,” Journal of Biomolecular Structure & Dynamics, Vol. 22, No. 1, 2004, pp. 1-11. Hdoi:10.1080/07391102.2004.10506975
[17] E. N. Trifonov, “Theory of Early Molecular Evolution: Predictions and Confirmations,” Discovering Biomolecular Mechanisms with Computational Biology, 2006, pp. 107-116. Hdoi:10.1007/0-387-36747-0_9
[18] G. Ausiello, P. F. Gherardini, P. Marcatili, A. Tramontano, A. Via and M. Helmer-Citterich, “FunClust: A Web Server for the Identification of Structural Motifs in a Set of Non-Homologous Protein Structures,” BMC Bioinformatics, Vol. 9 Suppl 2, 2008, Article No: S2. Hdoi:10.1186/1471-2105-9-S2-S2
[19] R. Helling, H. Li, R. Melin, J. Miller, N. Wingreen, C. Zeng and C. Tang, “The Designability of Protein Structures,” Journal of Molecular Graphics & Modelling, Vol. 19, No. 1, 2001, pp. 157-167. Hdoi:10.1016/S1093-3263(00)00137-6
[20] Z. M. Frenkel and E. N. Trifonov, “Walking through Protein Sequence Space,” Journal of Theoretical Biology, Vol. 244, No. 1, 2007, pp. 77-80. Hdoi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2006.07.027
[21] Z. M. Frenkel and E. N. Trifonov, “Walking through the Protein Sequence Space: Towards New Generation of the Homology Modeling,” Proteins-Structure Function and Bioinformatics, Vol. 67, No. 2, 2007, pp. 271-284. Hdoi:10.1002/prot.21325
[22] Z. M. Frenkel, “Does Protein Relatedness Require Sequence Matching? Alignment via Networks in Sequence Space,” Journal of Biomolecular Structure & Dynamics, Vol. 26, No. 2, 2008, pp. 215-222. Hdoi:10.1080/07391102.2008.10507237
[23] S. F. Altschul, T. L. Madden, A. A. Schaffer, J. H. Zhang, Z. Zhang, W. Miller and D. J. Lipman, “Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: A New Generation of Protein Database Search Programs,” Nucleic Acids Research, Vol. 25, No. 17, 1997, pp. 3389-3402. Hdoi:10.1093/nar/25.17.3389
[24] S. F. Altschul, J. C. Wootton, E. M. Gertz, R. Agarwala, A. Morgulis, A. A. Schaffer and Y. K. Yu, “Protein Database Searches Using Compositionally Adjusted Substitution Matrices,” FEBS Journal, Vol. 272, No. 20, 2005, pp. 5101-5109. Hdoi:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2005.04945.x

Copyright © 2024 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc.

Creative Commons License

This work and the related PDF file are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.