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has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: WASO: Why Does It Increase with Age?

  AUTHORS: James M. Gregory

  KEYWORDS: WASO, Time Awake, Sleep Disorders, Sleep Quality, Aerobic Exercise

  JOURNAL NAME: Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science, Vol.12 No.4, April 29, 2022

  ABSTRACT: Insomnia is a common sleep disorder, especially for seniors. WASO (time awake after sleep onset), a component of insomnia, tends to increase with age. There are also many variations in WASO for seniors. To better understand the nature of insomnia, an equation was developed to predict WASO using maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) as a measure of fitness associated with aerobic exercise. Predictions from the equation matched measured values with an R2 = 0.98. The results were highly significant (p 2max as a function of age and relative fitness (a measure of aerobic fitness independent of age). The two equations were combined to predict WASO as a function of age, gender, and relative fitness. Based on these results, it appears that aerobic exercise to improve relative fitness can be used to reduce WASO. The WASO model explains the numerous reports of reduced WASO associated with long-term exercise programs. The model also explains why WASO increases with age and why high WASO values associate with early death.