TITLE:
Xylocarpin H, a Limonoid of Xylocarpus granatum, Produces Antidepressant-Like Activities in Mice
AUTHORS:
Xi Yin, Xin Li, Yaoguang Hao, Yiwen Zhao, Jinghong Zhou, Haishui Shi
KEYWORDS:
Depression, Xylocarpin H, Tail Suspension Test, Forced Swimming Test, Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science,
Vol.5 No.11,
October
27,
2015
ABSTRACT: Major
depression is a common psychiatric disorder worldwide that imposes a
substantial health burden on society. Currently available antidepressants do
not meet the clinical needs. Here, we report
that Xylocarpin H, a limonoid of Xylocarpus
granatum, has antidepressant-like effects in mouse forced swimming and tail
suspension tests, two validated models of depression. 7-day oral administration
of Xylocarpin H resulted in dose-dependent decreases immobility duration within
the dose range of 15 - 50 mg/kg. Xylocarpin H dose-dependently increases the
time spent in the central zone at doses of 5 - 50 mg/kg in locomotion activity
test. In addition, 7-day treatment Xylocarpus H at 15 and 50 mg/kg doses
significantly decreases levels of serum corticosterone and adrenocorticotropic
hormone (ACTH) following the acute stress of forced swimming test. Furthermore,
these effective doses of Xylocarpin H do not affect locomotor activity and
levels of serum corticosterone and ACTH in the absence of stress. In summary,
the present study, for the first time, demonstrates that Xylocarpin H exerts
antidepressant-like effects in mouse behavioral models of depression, likely by
inhibiting HPA axis systems. These data provide primarily basis for developing
Xylocarpin H as a novel antidepressant candidate for the treatment of
depression and stress related disorders.